Document
Table of Contents

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
(Mark One)
[X]
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019
OR
[ ]
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from         to        
Commission File Number: 001-36296

Sesen Bio, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
26-2025616
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
245 First Street, Suite 1800
Cambridge, MA
02142
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(617) 444-8550
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not applicable.
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value
SESN
The Nasdaq Stock Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer
[ ]
Smaller reporting company
[X]
Accelerated filer
[X]
Emerging growth company
[X]
Non-accelerated filer
[ ]
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X]    
There were 104,679,391 shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding as of November 7, 2019.
 


Table of Contents

SESEN BIO, INC.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarterly Period ended September 30, 2019
Table of Contents
 
 
Page
 
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
Financial Statements.
 
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Nine Months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the Three and Nine Months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
 
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures.
 
 
 
 
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings.
Item 1A.
Risk Factors.
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures.
Item 5.
Other Information.
Item 6.
Exhibits.
 
 
 
 
 



Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.         Financial Statements.
SESEN BIO, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited; In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31, 2018
Assets

 

Current assets:

 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
57,865

 
$
50,422

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
1,547

 
1,334

Total current assets
59,412

 
51,756

Restricted cash
20

 
20

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
    of $4,519 and $4,355, respectively
294

 
321

Intangible assets
46,400

 
46,400

Goodwill
13,064

 
13,064

Other assets
208

 

Total Assets
$
119,398

 
$
111,561

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

 

Current liabilities:

 

Accounts payable
$
2,583

 
$
1,367

Accrued expenses
6,350

 
4,746

Other current liabilities
159

 

Total current liabilities
9,092

 
6,113

Contingent consideration
95,000

 
48,400

Deferred tax liability
12,528

 
12,528

Other liabilities
311

 
313

Total Liabilities
$
116,931

 
$
67,354

Commitments and contingencies

 

Stockholders’ Equity:

 

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018; no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018

 

Common stock, $0.001 par value per share; 200,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018; 101,267,578 and 77,456,180 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
101

 
77

Additional paid-in capital
262,337

 
230,154

Accumulated deficit
(259,971
)
 
(186,024
)
Total Stockholders’ Equity
2,467

 
44,207

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
$
119,398

 
$
111,561

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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SESEN BIO, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Unaudited; In thousands, except per share data)
 
 
Three Months ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months ended
September 30,
 
2019

2018
 
2019

2018
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and development
$
6,613

 
$
3,372

 
$
19,243


$
9,406

General and administrative
3,238

 
3,825

 
8,910


8,128

Change in fair value of contingent consideration
3,600

 
7,200

 
46,600


9,900

Total operating expenses
13,451

 
14,397

 
74,753

 
27,434

Loss from Operations
(13,451
)
 
(14,397
)
 
(74,753
)
 
(27,434
)
Other income (expense):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income, net
319

 
382

 
806


498

Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss
$
(13,132
)
 
$
(14,015
)
 
$
(73,947
)
 
$
(26,936
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted
$
(0.13
)
 
$
(0.18
)
 
$
(0.85
)
 
$
(0.48
)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted
101,266

 
77,030

 
86,575

 
56,526

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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SESEN BIO, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited; In thousands, except share data)
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Stockholders’
Equity
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Balance at December 31, 2018
77,456,180

 
$
77

 
$
230,154

 
$
(186,024
)
 
$
44,207

Net loss

 

 

 
(6,480
)
 
(6,480
)
Share-based compensation

 

 
326

 

 
326

Sales of common stock under 2014 ESPP
8,601

 

 
7

 

 
7

Balance at March 31, 2019
77,464,781

 
77

 
230,487

 
(192,504
)
 
38,060

Net loss

 

 

 
(54,335
)
 
(54,335
)
Share-based compensation

 

 
356

 

 
356

Exercises of stock options
30,000

 

 
45

 

 
45

Exercises of common stock warrants
3,361,115

 
4

 
3,430

 

 
3,434

Issuance of common stock and common stock warrants, net of issuance costs of $2,193
20,410,000

 
20

 
27,789

 

 
27,809

Balance at June 30, 2019
101,265,896

 
101

 
262,107

 
(246,839
)
 
15,369

Net loss

 

 

 
(13,132
)
 
(13,132
)
Share-based compensation

 

 
229

 

 
229

Sales of common stock under 2014 ESPP
1,682

 

 
1

 

 
1

Balance at September 30, 2019
101,267,578

 
$
101

 
$
262,337

 
$
(259,971
)
 
$
2,467



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SESEN BIO, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (continued)
(Unaudited; In thousands, except share data)
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Stockholders’
Equity
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
34,702,565

 
$
35

 
$
170,330

 
$
(152,331
)
 
$
18,034

Net loss

 

 

 
(3,963
)
 
(3,963
)
Share-based compensation

 

 
401

 

 
401

Sales of common stock under 2014 ESPP
9,565

 

 
10

 

 
10

Exercises of stock options and vestings of restricted stock awards
4,430

 

 

 

 

Exercises of common stock warrants
420,778

 

 
336

 

 
336

Issuance of common stock and common stock warrants, net of issuance costs of $959
7,968,128

 
8

 
9,032

 

 
9,040

Balance at March 31, 2018
43,105,466

 
43

 
180,109

 
(156,294
)
 
23,858

Net loss

 

 

 
(8,958
)
 
(8,958
)
Share-based compensation

 

 
285

 

 
285

Exercises of stock options and vestings of restricted stock awards
55,259

 

 
29

 

 
29

Exercises of common stock warrants
8,294,718

 
8

 
6,910

 

 
6,918

Issuance of common stock and common stock warrants, net of issuance costs of $4,070
25,555,556

 
26

 
41,906

 

 
41,932

Balance at June 30, 2018
77,010,999

 
77

 
229,239

 
(165,252
)
 
64,064

Net loss

 

 

 
(14,015
)
 
(14,015
)
Share-based compensation

 

 
249

 

 
249

Sales of common stock under 2014 ESPP
11,427

 

 
11

 

 
11

Exercises of stock options and vestings of restricted stock awards
16,144

 

 
27

 

 
27

Exercises of common stock warrants
50,000

 

 
59

 

 
59

Balance at September 30, 2018
77,088,570

 
$
77

 
$
229,585

 
$
(179,267
)
 
$
50,395

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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SESEN BIO, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited; In thousands)
 
Nine Months ended
September 30,
 
2019

2018
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(73,947
)
 
$
(26,936
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation
164

 
156

Share-based compensation
911

 
935

Change in fair value of contingent consideration
46,600

 
9,900

Gain on sale of equipment

 
(5
)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Prepaid expenses and other assets
(421
)
 
(1,169
)
Accounts payable
1,216

 
484

Accrued expenses and other liabilities
1,761

 
1,453

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
(23,716
)
 
(15,182
)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
 
 
 
(Purchases) sales of equipment
(137
)
 
5

Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities
(137
)
 
5

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and common stock warrants, net of issuance costs
27,809

 
50,971

Proceeds from exercises of common stock warrants
3,434

 
7,315

Proceeds from exercises of stock options
45

 
56

Proceeds from sales of common stock under 2014 ESPP
8

 
21

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
31,296

 
58,363

Net Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
7,443

 
43,186

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - Beginning of Period
50,442

 
14,690

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - End of Period
$
57,885

 
$
57,876

 
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash operating activities:
 
 
 
Right-of-use assets related to the adoption of ASC 842
$
236

 
$

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
$
115

 
$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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SESEN BIO, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Sesen Bio, Inc. ("Sesen" or the “Company”), a Delaware corporation, is a late-stage clinical company developing targeted fusion protein therapeutics ("TFPTs") composed of an anti-cancer antibody fragment tethered to a protein toxin for the treatment of cancer. The Company genetically fuses the cancer-targeting antibody fragment and the cytotoxic protein payload into a single molecule which is produced through the Company's proprietary one-step, microbial manufacturing process. The Company targets tumor cell surface antigens with limited expression on normal cells. Binding of the target antigen by the TFPT allows for rapid internalization into the targeted cancer cell. The Company has designed its targeted fusion proteins to overcome the fundamental efficacy and safety challenges inherent in existing antibody-drug conjugates ("ADCs"), where a payload is chemically attached to a targeting antibody.
The Company’s most advanced product candidate, VB4-845, also known as Vicinium®, is a locally-administered targeted fusion protein composed of an anti-EpCAM, or epithelial cell adhesion molecule, antibody fragment tethered to a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A for the treatment of high-risk, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer ("NMIBC"). The Company has an ongoing single-arm, multi-center, open-label Phase 3 clinical trial of Vicinium as a monotherapy in patients with high-risk, bacillus Calmette-Guérin ("BCG") unresponsive NMIBC, called the VISTA Trial. The VISTA Trial completed enrollment in April 2018 with a total of 133 patients, and the Company is continuing to collect and assess the trial data.
Liquidity and Going Concern
As of September 30, 2019, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $57.9 million, net working capital of $50.3 million and an accumulated deficit of $260.0 million. The Company incurred negative cash flows from operating activities of $22.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 and $23.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Since its inception, the Company has received no revenue from sales of its products currently under development, and management anticipates that operating losses will continue for the foreseeable future as the Company continues its ongoing Phase 3 clinical trial for Vicinium and seeks marketing approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration ("FDA"). The Company has financed its operations to date primarily through private placements of its common stock, preferred stock and convertible bridge notes, venture debt borrowings, its initial public offering ("IPO"), follow-on public offerings, sales effected in an "at-the-market" ("ATM") offering and a License Agreement with F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and Hoffman-La Roche Inc. (collectively, "Roche") (the "License Agreement"). See “Note 8. Stockholders’ Equity” below for information regarding the Company’s recently completed equity financings.
Under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern, management is required at each reporting period to evaluate whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. This evaluation initially does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management's plans that have not been fully implemented as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates the substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management's plans, however, is only considered if both (i) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued and (ii) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Generally, to be considered probable of being effectively implemented, the plans must have been approved by the Company's Board of Directors before the date that the financial statements are issued.
The Company's future success is dependent on its ability to develop its product candidates and ultimately upon its ability to attain profitable operations. In order to commercialize its product candidates, the Company needs to complete clinical development and comply with comprehensive regulatory requirements. The Company is subject to a number of risks similar to other late-stage clinical companies, including, but not limited to, successful discovery and development of its product candidates, raising additional capital, development by its competitors of new technological innovations, protection of proprietary technology and market acceptance of its products. The successful discovery and development of product candidates requires substantial working capital, and management expects to seek additional funds through equity or debt financings or through additional collaboration, licensing transactions or other sources. The Company may be unable to obtain equity or debt financings or enter into additional collaboration or licensing transactions at favorable terms, or at all. To the extent that the Company raises additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interests of existing stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of existing stockholders. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include liens or other restrictive covenants limiting the Company's ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If the Company raises additional funds

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through government or other third-party funding, strategic collaborations and alliances or licensing arrangements, it may have to relinquish valuable rights to its technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable. If the Company is unable to raise additional funds when needed, it may be required to implement cost reduction strategies and delay, limit, reduce or terminate its product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market products or product candidates that management would otherwise prefer to develop and market.
The Company's management does not believe that its cash and cash equivalents of $57.9 million as of September 30, 2019 is sufficient to fund the Company's current operating plan for at least twelve months after the issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements. The history of significant losses, the negative cash flows from operations, the limited cash resources currently on hand and the dependence by the Company on its ability - about which there can be no certainty - to obtain additional financing to fund its operations after the current cash resources are exhausted raises substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. These condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared under the assumption that the Company will continue as a going concern and do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to GAAP as found in the ASC and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”), promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).
Interim Financial Statements
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared from the books and records of the Company in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which permit reduced disclosures for interim periods. All adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity and cash flows have been made. Although these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete annual financial statements, management believes the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These unaudited interim results of operations and cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited annual consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on March 1, 2019, wherein a more complete discussion of significant accounting policies and certain other information can be found.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and the rules and regulations of the SEC requires the use of estimates and assumptions, based on judgments considered reasonable, which affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Although management believes its estimates and assumptions are reasonable when made, they are based upon information available at the time they are made. Management evaluates the estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis and, if necessary, makes adjustments. Due to the risks and uncertainties involved in the Company’s business and evolving market conditions, and given the subjective element of the estimates and assumptions made, actual results may differ from estimated results. The most significant estimates and judgments impact the fair value of intangible assets, goodwill and contingent consideration; income taxes (including the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets); research and development expenses; and going concern considerations.
Principles of Consolidation
The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiary, Viventia Bio, Inc. ("Viventia"), and its indirect subsidiaries, Viventia Bio USA Inc. and Viventia Biotech (EU) Limited. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currency of the Company and each of its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar.
Reclassifications
On the Company's condensed consolidated statements of cash flows, proceeds from exercises of common stock warrants is now shown separately from proceeds from issuance of common stock and common stock warrants, net of issuance costs.

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3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company's complete summary of significant accounting policies can be found in "Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules - Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies" in the audited annual financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. The lease accounting policy shown below was not included there due to its adoption effective on January 1, 2019.
Leases
Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”) using the optional transition method outlined in ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements. The adoption of ASC 842 represents a change in accounting principle that aims to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for both operating and finance leases. In addition, the standard requires enhanced disclosures that meet the objective of enabling financial statement users to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The reported results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 reflect the application of ASC 842 guidance, while the reported results for prior year periods were prepared in accordance with the previous ASC Topic 840, Leases ("ASC 840") guidance. The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities of $0.2 million on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows; however, the adoption did result in significant changes to the Company’s financial statement disclosures.
As part of the adoption of ASC 842, the Company utilized certain practical expedients outlined in the guidance. These practical expedients include:
Accounting policy election to use the short-term lease exception by asset class;
Election of the practical expedient package during transition, which includes:
An entity need not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases;
An entity need not reassess the classification for any expired or existing leases. As a result, all leases that were classified as operating leases in accordance with ASC 840 are classified as operating leases under ASC 842, and all leases that were classified as capital leases in accordance with ASC 840 are classified as finance leases under ASC 842; and
An entity need not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases.
The Company’s lease portfolio as of the adoption date includes: a property lease for its manufacturing facility, a property lease for its headquarters in Cambridge, MA, and a property lease for office space in Philadelphia, PA. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at the inception of the contract and has made a policy election to not separate out non-lease components from lease components, for all classes of underlying assets. The asset components of the Company’s operating leases are recorded as operating lease right-of-use assets and reported within other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The short-term and long-term liability components are recorded in other current liabilities and other liabilities, respectively, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2019, the Company did not have any finance leases.
Right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. Existing leases in the Company’s lease portfolio as of the adoption date were valued as of January 1, 2019. The Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments, if an implicit rate of return is not provided with the lease contract. Operating lease right-of-use assets are adjusted for incentives received.
Operating lease costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, in accordance with ASC 842, and also include variable operating costs incurred during the period. Lease costs also include amounts related to short-term leases.

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4. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
JOBS Act Accounting Election
The Company is an "emerging growth company," as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 ("JOBS Act"). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has irrevocably elected to "opt out" of this provision and, as a result, will adopt any new or revised accounting standards issued by the FASB when they required to be adopted by public companies.
Adopted in 2019
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU 2017-04"). ASU 2017-04 simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment by removing Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2019, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) (“Topic 718”): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2018-07”). ASU 2018-07 expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from non-employees, and as a result, the accounting for share-based payments to non-employees will be substantially aligned. ASU 2018-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2019, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-09, Codification Improvements (“ASU 2018-09”). ASU 2018-09 provides amendments to a wide variety of topics in the FASB’s ASC, which applies to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected accounting guidance. The transition and effective date guidance are based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments in ASU 2018-09 do not require transition guidance and were effective upon the issuance of ASU 2018-09. However, many of the amendments do have transition guidance with effective dates for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2019, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Pending Adoption
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13"). ASU 2016-13 requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 eliminate the probable threshold for initial recognition of a credit loss in current GAAP and reflect an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2020, and is to be applied using a modified retrospective transition method. Earlier adoption is permitted. While the Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of adoption, it does not currently expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurements ("ASU 2018-13"). ASU 2018-13 modifies fair value measurement disclosure requirements. The effective date for ASU 2018-13 is for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. Because this ASU changes only the disclosure requirements and not the underlying accounting, the Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2018-13 to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract ("ASU 2018-15"). ASU 2018-15 requires a customer in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract to follow the internal-use software guidance to determine which implementation costs to defer and recognize as an asset. The effective date for ASU 2018-15 is for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. While the Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of adoption, it does not currently expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, prepaid expenses and other current assets, and accounts payable on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets approximated their fair values as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 due to their short-term nature.
Certain of the Company’s financial instruments are measured at fair value using a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This fair value hierarchy prioritizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:
Level 1:
Inputs are quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets,
Level 2:
Inputs are quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; or model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.
Level 3:
Inputs are unobservable and reflect the Company’s own assumptions, based on the best information available, including the Company’s own data.
The following tables set forth the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company's financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands):
 
September 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Based on
 
Carrying Amount
 
Fair Value
 
Quoted Prices in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
(cash equivalents)
$
30,995

 
$
30,995

 
$
30,995

 
$

 
$

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration
$
95,000

 
$
95,000

 
$

 
$

 
$
95,000

 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Based on
 
Carrying Amount
 
Fair Value
 
Quoted Prices in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
(cash equivalents)
$
40,365

 
$
40,365

 
$
40,365

 
$

 
$

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration
$
48,400

 
$
48,400

 
$

 
$

 
$
48,400

The Company evaluates transfers between fair value levels at the end of each reporting period. There were no transfers of assets or liabilities between fair value levels during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Contingent Consideration
On September 20, 2016, the Company acquired Viventia through the issuance of common stock plus contingent consideration, pursuant to the terms of a Share Purchase Agreement (the "Acquisition"). The Company recorded the acquired assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date and finalized its purchase accounting for the Acquisition during the third quarter of 2017. The contingent consideration relates to amounts potentially payable to Viventia's shareholders under the Share Purchase Agreement. Contingent consideration is measured at its estimated fair value at each reporting period, with fluctuations in value resulting in a non-cash charge to earnings (or loss) during the period. The estimated fair value measurement is based on significant inputs, including internally developed financial forecasts, probabilities of success, and timing of certain

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milestone events and achievements, which are not observable in the market, representing a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The valuation of contingent consideration requires the use of significant assumptions and judgments, which management believes are consistent with those that would be made by a market participant. Management reviews its assumptions and judgments on an ongoing basis as additional market and other data is obtained, and any future changes in the assumptions and judgments utilized by management may cause the estimated fair value of contingent consideration to fluctuate materially, resulting in earnings volatility.
The following table sets forth a summary of the change in the fair value of the Company's contingent consideration liability, measured on a recurring basis at each reporting period, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands):
Balance at December 31, 2018
$
48,400

Change in fair value of contingent consideration
(1,000
)
Balance at March 31, 2019
47,400

Change in fair value of contingent consideration(1)
44,000

Balance at June 30, 2019
91,400

Change in fair value of contingent consideration(2)
3,600

Balance at September 30, 2019
$
95,000

The fair value of the Company’s contingent consideration was determined using probabilities of successful achievement of regulatory milestones and commercial sales, the period in which these milestones and sales are expected to be achieved ranging from 2021 to 2033, the level of commercial sales of Vicinium forecasted for the United States, Europe, Japan and other potential markets, and discount rates ranging from 6.6% to 13.7% as of December 31, 2018 and 5.8% to 12.2% as of September 30, 2019. There have been no changes to the valuation methods utilized during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
(1) During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, management reassessed the total addressable global market for NMIBC and determined that both the global market size and the estimated potential Vicinium commercial sales within the global market were likely higher than the Company’s previous estimates. Specific drivers of the increased revenue estimates include the expectation that Vicinium could achieve peak market penetration earlier than previously estimated and the expectation that Vicinium sales outside the United States could be two to three times the expected sales volumes in the United States. As contingent consideration incorporates a royalty rate of 2% on all commercial net sales of Vicinium through December 2033, an increase in expected future net sales correlated to a $44.0 million increase in the estimated fair value of the Company’s contingent consideration as of June 30, 2019.
(2) The $3.6 million increase in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration was primarily attributable to a slightly lower discount rate, based on prevailing market conditions as of September 30, 2019, applicable to the earnout royalty payments potentially payable to Viventia's shareholders under the Share Purchase Agreement.
6. LEASES
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 using the optional transition method. The Company’s lease portfolio includes:
1.
An operating lease for its manufacturing facility in Winnipeg, Manitoba, which consists of a 31,100 square foot manufacturing, laboratory, warehouse and office facility, under a five-year renewable lease through September 2020 with a right to renew the lease for one subsequent five-year term. The minimum monthly rent under this lease is $12,600 per month. In addition to rent expense, the Company expects to incur $12,300 per month in related operating expenses. Operating lease cost under this lease, including the related operating costs, was $76,000 and $222,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Previously under ASC 840, rent expense for this lease, including related operating costs, was $78,000 and $239,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
2.
A short-term property lease for its current corporate headquarters in Cambridge, MA that extends through December 31, 2019. The minimum monthly rent for this office space is $7,900 per month. The Company recorded $24,000 and $75,000 in short-term lease cost for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Previously under ASC 840, the Company recorded $35,000 and $97,000 in rent expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, for this lease; and
3.
A short-term property lease for office space in Philadelphia, PA that extends through December 31, 2019. Currently, the minimum monthly rent under this lease is $11,000 per month. The Company recorded $35,000 and $113,000 in short term lease cost for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Previously under ASC 840, the Company recorded $36,000 and $92,000 in rent expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, for this lease.

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The asset component of the Company’s operating leases is recorded as operating lease right-of-use assets and reported within other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The short-term liability is recorded in other current liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Operating lease cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The components of lease cost for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):
Lease Cost:
Three Months ended September 30, 2019
 
Nine Months ended September 30, 2019
Operating lease (including related operating costs)
$
76

 
$
222

Short-term property leases
59

 
188

Total lease costs
$
135

 
$
410

Supplemental Information:
Nine Months ended September 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (in years)

1.0
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases

12%
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of September 30, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):
Years ending December 31,
Minimum Lease Payments
2019(1)
$
38

2020
113

Total future minimum lease payments
151

Less: Amounts representing present value adjustment
6

Operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019
145

Less: Current portion of operating lease liabilities
145

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion
$

(1) Represents remainder of 2019.
7. ACCRUED EXPENSES
The following table sets forth the composition of accrued expenses as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands):
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31, 2018
Research and development
$
4,203

 
$
2,928

Payroll-related expenses
1,044

 
1,045

Severance to former Executives and other employees
613

 
278

Professional fees
466

 
464

Other
24

 
31

Total Accrued Expenses
$
6,350

 
$
4,746

Management Changes
On August 26, 2019, the Company announced that Richard Fitzgerald departed as its Chief Financial Officer, effective immediately. In connection with his separation from the Company, Mr. Fitzgerald and the Company entered into a Separation Agreement and General Release dated as of September 9, 2019 (the “Fitzgerald Separation Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company provided Mr. Fitzgerald with twelve months of separation payments and benefits. The Company recorded $0.3 million of expense, which will be paid through the normal payroll cycle through August 2020.
On August 2, 2019, Dennis Kim, M.D., MPH departed as the Company's Chief Medical Officer, effective immediately. In connection with his separation from the Company, Dr. Kim and the Company entered into a Separation Agreement and General Release dated as of August 2, 2019 (the “Kim Separation Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company provided Dr. Kim with six months of separation payments in the amount of $0.2 million. In addition, Dr. Kim and the Company entered into a Consulting Agreement

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dated as of August 3, 2019 (the "Kim Consulting Agreement"), pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay Dr. Kim $0.1 million in consulting fees and transition expenses over the following three months ending November 2, 2019. The Company recorded $0.3 million of expenses related to these agreements. The Kim Consulting Agreement payments will be made in a lump sum when the agreement concludes in November 2019. The separation payments will be paid through the normal payroll cycle through January 2020.
On August 7, 2018, the Company announced that Stephen A. Hurly departed as its President and Chief Executive Officer, effective immediately. In connection with his separation from the Company, Mr. Hurly and the Company entered into a Separation Agreement and General Release dated as of September 28, 2018 (the “Hurly Separation Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company provided Mr. Hurly with twelve months of separation payments and benefits. The Company recorded $0.6 million of expense, consisting of Mr. Hurly’s base salary at the time of his departure of $0.4 million plus his target annual bonus for 2018 of $0.2 million, which was paid through the normal payroll cycle through August 2019, when the Company completed its obligations related to the Hurly Separation Agreement.
The remaining amounts of accrued severance as of September 30, 2019 relate to terminations of other employees during 2019.
8. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Equity Financings
In June 2019, the Company raised $27.8 million of net proceeds from the sale of 20.4 million shares of common stock and accompanying warrants to purchase an additional 20.4 million shares of common stock in an underwritten public offering (the "June 2019 Financing"). The combined purchase price for each share of common stock and accompanying warrant was $1.47. Subject to certain ownership limitations, the warrants issued in the June 2019 Financing were exercisable immediately upon issuance at an exercise price of $1.47 per share of common stock, subject to adjustments as provided under the terms of such warrants, and have a one-year term expiring on June 21, 2020.
In June 2018, the Company raised $41.9 million of net proceeds from the sale of 25.6 million shares of common stock at a price of $1.80 per share in an underwritten public offering.
In March 2018, the Company raised $9.0 million of net proceeds from the sale of 8.0 million shares of common stock at a price of $1.13 per share in a registered direct public offering and the sale of warrants to purchase 8.0 million shares of the Company's common stock with an exercise price of $1.20 per share (the "2018 Warrants"), at a sale price of $0.125 per warrant, in a concurrent private placement (collectively, the “March 2018 Financing”). Subject to certain ownership limitations, the warrants issued in the March 2018 Financing were exercisable immediately upon issuance at an exercise price of $1.20 per share of common stock, subject to adjustments as provided under the terms of such warrants, and have a five year term expiring on March 23, 2023.
Preferred Stock
Pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Certificate of Incorporation"), the Company is authorized to issue 5.0 million shares of "blank check" preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, which enables its Board of Directors, from time to time, to create one or more series of preferred stock. Each series of preferred stock issued shall have the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions as designated by the Board of Directors. The issuance of any series of preferred stock could affect, among other things, the dividend, voting and liquidation rights of the Company's common stock. The Company had no preferred stock issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

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Common Stock
Pursuant to its Certificate of Incorporation, the Company is authorized to issue 200.0 million shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of which 101.3 million and 77.5 million shares were issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. In addition, the Company had reserved for issuance the following amounts of shares of its common stock for the purposes described below as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands):
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Shares of common stock issued
101,268

 
77,456

Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
 
 


Warrants to purchase common stock
26,307

 
9,258

Stock options
6,450

 
3,942

Shares available for grant under 2014 Stock Incentive Plan
8,599

 
2,001

Shares available for sale under 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
28

 
38

Total shares of common stock issued and reserved for issuance
142,652

 
92,695

Warrants
All of the Company’s outstanding warrants are non-tradeable and permanently classified as equity because they meet the derivative scope exception under ASC Topic 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity ("ASC 815-40"). The following table sets forth the Company's warrant activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year-to-Date Warrant Activity
Issued
 
Exercise
Price
 
Expiration
 
December 31, 2018
 
Issued
 
(Exercised)
 
September 30, 2019
Jun-2019
 
$1.47
 
Jun-2020
 

 
20,410

 

 
20,410

Mar-2018
 
$1.20
 
Mar-2023
 
7,211

 

 
(1,861
)
 
5,350

Nov-2017
 
$0.80
 
Nov-2022
 
1,992

 

 
(1,500
)
 
492

May-2015
 
$11.83
 
Nov-2024
 
28

 

 

 
28

Nov-2014
 
$11.04
 
Nov-2024
 
27

 

 

 
27

 
 
 
 
 
 
9,258

 
20,410

 
(3,361
)
 
26,307

During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company received proceeds of $3.4 million from the exercise of 3.4 million outstanding warrants to purchase common stock issued in connection with (i) its underwritten public offering in November 2017 (the "November 2017 Financing") and (ii) the March 2018 Financing.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company received proceeds of $7.3 million from the exercise of 8.7 million outstanding warrants to purchase common stock issued in connection with (i) the November 2017 Financing and (ii) the March 2018 Financing.
See "Note 14. Subsequent Event" for additional information related to the Company's outstanding warrants.
9. LOSS PER SHARE
The Company’s basic loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. A net loss cannot be diluted, so when the Company is in a net loss position, basic and diluted loss per common share are the same. If in the future the Company achieves profitability, the denominator of a diluted earnings per common share calculation will include both the weighted-average number of shares outstanding and the number of common stock equivalents, if the inclusion of such common stock equivalents would be dilutive. Dilutive common stock equivalents potentially include warrants, stock options and non-vested restricted stock awards and units using the treasury stock method, along with the effect, if any, from outstanding convertible securities. The Company’s outstanding warrants to purchase common stock have participation rights to any dividends that may be declared in the future and are therefore considered to be participating securities. Participating securities have the effect of diluting both basic and diluted earnings per share during periods of income. During periods of loss, no loss is allocated to the participating securities since the holders have no contractual obligation to share in the losses of the Company.

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The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding as of September 30, 2019 and 2018 have been excluded from the denominator of the diluted loss per share of common stock outstanding calculation (in thousands):
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Stock options
6,450

 
4,568

Warrants
26,307

 
9,258

 
32,757

 
13,826

10. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
The amount of share-based compensation expense recognized by the Company by line item on its consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in thousands):
 
Three Months ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months ended
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Research and development
$
(20
)
 
$
99

 
$
119

 
$
387

General and administrative
249

 
149

 
$
792

 
548

 
$
229

 
$
248

 
$
911

 
$
935

2014 Stock Incentive Plan
The Company's 2014 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended ("2014 Plan"), was adopted by its Board of Directors in December 2013 and subsequently approved by its stockholders in January 2014. The 2014 Plan became effective immediately prior to the closing of the Company's IPO in February 2014 and provides for the grant of incentive and non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards and units, stock appreciation rights and other stock-based awards, with amounts and terms of grants determined by the Company's Board of Directors at the time of grant, to the Company's employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisors. Currently there are only stock options outstanding under the 2014 Plan, which generally vest over a four-year period at the rate of 25% of the grant vesting on the first anniversary of the date of grant and 6.25% of the grant vesting at the end of each successive three-month period thereafter. Stock options granted under the 2014 Plan are exercisable for a period of ten years from the date of grant. There were 4.3 million stock options outstanding under the 2014 Plan as of September 30, 2019.
At the Annual Meeting of Stockholders in June 2019, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the 2014 Plan that (i) increased by 7.9 million the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2014 Plan and (ii) eliminated the “evergreen” or automatic replenishment provision of the 2014 Plan, pursuant to which the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2014 Plan was automatically increased on an annual basis. As of September 30, 2019, there were 8.6 million shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2014 Plan.
Out-of-Plan Inducement Grants
From time to time, the Company has granted equity awards to its newly hired executives in accordance with Nasdaq's employment inducement grant exemption (Listing Rule 5635(c)(4)). Such grants are made outside of the 2014 Plan and act as an inducement material to the executive's acceptance of employment with the Company. As of September 30, 2019, there were 2.1 million stock options outstanding which were granted as employment inducement awards outside of the 2014 Plan.

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Stock Options
The following table summarizes the Company’s total stock option activity, including awards granted under the 2014 Plan and inducement grants made outside of the 2014 Plan, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019:
 
Number of Shares under Option
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-average Exercise Price per Option
 
Weighted-average Remaining Contractual Life
(in years)
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018
3,942

 
$2.12
 
9.1
 
$
57

Granted
3,986

 
$1.02
 
 
 
 
Exercised
(30
)
 
$1.50
 
 
 
 
Canceled or forfeited
(1,448
)
 
$1.76
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at September 30, 2019
6,450

 
$1.52
 
9.1
 
$
680

Exercisable at September 30, 2019
1,744

 
$2.42
 
8.1
 
$
84

The Company recognized $0.2 million and $0.2 million of share-based compensation expense related to stock options for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $0.9 million and $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. At September 30, 2019, there was $3.5 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options for employees and non-employee consultants which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of 3.1 years. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was estimated at $0.69 per option. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was de minimis.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the grant-date fair value of stock options was estimated at the time of grant using the following weighted-average inputs and assumptions in the Black-Scholes option pricing model:
Fair value of common stock
$0.69
Exercise price
$1.02
Expected term (in years)
5.98
Risk-free interest rate
2.1%
Expected volatility
78.1%
Dividend yield
—%
In October 2017, the Company issued stock option awards to certain employees which contained performance vesting conditions. These options vested in installments based on the achievement of certain strategic and clinical milestones. In January 2018, March 2018, June 2018 and July 2019, the Compensation Committee determined that certain performance milestones were met. Share-based compensation expense associated with these performance-based stock options was recognized over the service and performance period for performance conditions considered probable of achievement using management’s best estimate. The Company recognized de minimis expense related to these performance-based awards for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. There was no unrecognized compensation expense remaining related to these performance-based awards as of September 30, 2019. The Company recognized $(43,000) and $0.2 million of expense related to these performance-based awards for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. The negative expense was attributable to awards granted to the Company's former President and Chief Executive Officer which were canceled following his separation from the Company.
11. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company's 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("2014 ESPP") was adopted by its Board of Directors in December 2013 and subsequently approved by its stockholders in January 2014. The 2014 ESPP became effective immediately prior to the closing of the Company's IPO in February 2014 and established an initial reserve of 0.2 million shares of the Company's common stock for issuance to participating employees. The purpose of the 2014 ESPP is to enhance employee interest in the success and progress of the Company by encouraging employee ownership of common stock of the Company. The 2014 ESPP provides employees with the opportunity to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a 15% discount to the market price through payroll deductions or lump sum cash investments. The Company estimates the number of shares to be issued at the end of an offering period and recognizes expense over the requisite service period. Shares of the Company's common stock issued and sold pursuant

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to the 2014 ESPP are shown on the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity. As of September 30, 2019, there were approximately 28,000 shares of the Company's common stock available for sale under the 2014 ESPP.
401(k) Defined Contribution Plan
The Company maintains a 401(k) defined contribution retirement plan which covers all of its U.S. employees. Employees are eligible to participate on the first of the month following their date of hire. Under the 401(k) plan, participating employees may defer up to 100% of their pre-tax salary, subject to certain statutory limitations. Employee contributions vest immediately. The plan allows for a discretionary match per participating employee up to a maximum $4,000 per year.
12. LICENSE AGREEMENT WITH ROCHE
On June 10, 2016, the Company entered into the License Agreement with Roche, which became effective on August 16, 2016. Under the License Agreement, the Company granted Roche an exclusive, worldwide license, including the right to sublicense, to its patent rights and know-how related to the Company’s monoclonal antibody EBI-031 or all other IL-6 antagonistic anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies, to make, have made, use, have used, register, have registered, sell, have sold, offer for sale, import and export any product containing such an antibody or any companion diagnostic used to predict or monitor response to treatment with such a product.
During 2016, the Company received an upfront license fee of $7.5 million and a milestone payment of $22.5 million. The Company is entitled to receive up to $240.0 million in additional consideration upon the achievement of specified regulatory, development and commercial milestones. Specifically, an aggregate amount of up to $175.0 million is payable to the Company for the achievement of specified milestones with respect to the first indication: $50.0 million in development milestones, $50.0 million in regulatory milestones and $75.0 million in commercialization milestones. Additional amounts of up to $65.0 million are payable upon the achievement of specified development and regulatory milestones in a second indication. In addition, the Company is entitled to receive royalty payments in accordance with a tiered royalty rate scale, with rates ranging from 7.5% to 15% of net sales of potential future products containing EBI-031 and up to 50% of these rates on net sales of potential future products containing other IL-6 compounds, with each of the royalties subject to reduction under certain circumstances and to buy-out options.
The License Agreement is subject to the provisions of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), which was adopted effective January 1, 2018 utilizing a modified retrospective method. The Company concluded that all performance obligations had been achieved as of the adoption date and therefore the full transaction price was considered earned. The transaction price was determined to be the $30.0 million received in 2016. Additional consideration to be paid to the Company upon the achievement of certain milestones will be included if it is expected that the amounts will be received and the amounts would not be subject to a constraint. As of the date of the adoption, no amounts were expected to be received from the achievement of any milestones due to the nature of the milestones and the development status of the product candidates at the time of the adoption. As a result, there were no amounts required to be recorded as a cumulative adoption adjustment as the consideration recognized under ASC 606 was consistent with the amounts recognized under the previous accounting literature.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, there were no adjustments to the transaction price required and no revenue was recognized because all performance obligations of the Company had previously been satisfied and management did not expect any amounts to be received from any milestones within the License Agreement. This is due to the nature of the milestones and the development status of the product candidates as of the end of each reporting period.
13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company leases its Winnipeg, Manitoba facility from an affiliate of Leslie L. Dan, a director of the Company until his retirement effective July 16, 2019, under a five-year renewable lease through September 2020 with a right to renew the lease for one subsequent five-year term. Operating lease costs under this lease, which include related operating expenses, were $76,000 and $222,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Previously under ASC 840, rent expenses for this lease were $78,000 and $239,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
The Company pays fees, under an intellectual property license agreement, to Protoden Technologies, Inc. (“Protoden”), a company owned by Clairmark Investments Ltd. (“Clairmark”), an affiliate of Mr. Dan. Pursuant to this license agreement, the Company has an exclusive, perpetual, irrevocable and non-royalty bearing license, with the right to sublicense, under certain patents and technology to make, use and sell products that utilize such patents and technology for an annual fee of $0.1 million. Upon expiration of the term on January 1, 2025, the licenses granted to the Company will require no further payments to Protoden. During each of the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, $0.1 million was paid to Clairmark.

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14. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Modifications to Outstanding Warrants
In November 2017, as part of an underwritten public offering, the Company issued warrants to purchase 10.0 million shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.80 per share (the "2017 Warrants"), of which 0.5 million warrants remained outstanding as of September 30, 2019. On October 29, 2019, the Company announced that it had entered into transactions with holders of its outstanding 2018 Warrants and 2017 Warrants to purchase the Company's common stock. The following table sets forth the Company's warrant activity subsequent to September 30, 2019 which resulted from the exercises and modifications described below:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsequent Event Warrant Activity
Issued
 
Exercise
Price
 
Expiration
 
September 30, 2019
 
(Exercised)
 
October 31, 2019
Jun-2019
 
$1.47
 
Jun-2020
 
20,410

 

 
20,410

Mar-2018
 
$0.95*
 
Mar-2023
 
5,350

 
(3,407
)
 
1,943

Nov-2017
 
$0.55*
 
Nov-2022
 
492

 
(5
)
 
487

May-2015
 
$11.83
 
Nov-2024
 
28

 

 
28

Nov-2014
 
$11.04
 
Nov-2024
 
27

 

 
27

 
 
 
 
 
 
26,307

 
(3,412
)
 
22,895

* Exercise price shown (i) reflects modification described below and (ii) subject to further adjustment based on down round provision added by amendment described below.
2018 Warrants
On October 28, 2019, the Company entered into transactions with the holders of its outstanding 2018 Warrants pursuant to which such holders either (i) exercised their warrants pursuant to a Warrant Exercise Agreement (the "2018 Warrant Exercise Agreements") or (ii) amended their warrants pursuant to a Warrant Amendment Agreement (the "2018 Warrant Amendment Agreements"). As consideration for those holders executing the 2018 Warrant Exercise Agreements, the Company reduced the exercise price of the warrants from $1.20 to $0.60 per share of the Company's common stock, resulting in proceeds of $2.0 million from the exercise of 3.4 million warrants. Pursuant to the 2018 Warrant Amendment Agreements, the prohibition on certain variable rate transactions included in the 2018 Warrants was amended to exclude ATM offerings and the exercise price of the warrants was reduced from $1.20 to the lesser of (a) $0.95 per share of common stock and (b) the exercise price as determined from time to time pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions in the 2018 Warrant Amendment Agreements.
In connection with the 2018 Warrant Exercise Agreements and 2018 Warrant Amendment Agreements, the Company entered into an amendment to the Securities Purchase Agreement dated March 21, 2018 related to the March 2018 Financing, by and among the Company and each purchaser identified on the signature pages thereto, with certain holders representing greater than 50.1% of the securities issued based on initial subscription amounts, pursuant to which the prohibition on variable rate transactions, including ATM offerings, contained in section 4.12(b) was deleted in its entirety.
2017 Warrants
On October 28, 2019, the Company entered into transactions with the holders of its outstanding 2017 Warrants pursuant to which such holders either (i) exercised their warrants pursuant to a Warrant Exercise Agreement (the "2017 Warrant Exercise Agreements") or (ii) amended their warrants pursuant to a Warrant Amendment Agreement (the "2017 Warrant Amendment Agreements"). As consideration for those holders executing the 2017 Warrant Exercise Agreements, the Company reduced the exercise price of the warrants from $0.80 to $0.55 per share of the Company's common stock. Pursuant to the 2017 Warrant Amendment Agreements, the prohibition on certain variable rate transactions included in the 2017 Warrants was amended to exclude ATM offerings and the exercise price of the warrants was reduced from $0.80 to the lesser of (a) $0.55 per share of common stock and (b) the exercise price as determined from time to time pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions in the 2017 Warrant Amendment Agreements.
Accounting Implications
The Company is currently reviewing the accounting implications of the modifications to its 2018 Warrants and 2017 Warrants, which will be reflected in the Company's fourth quarter results included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. ASU No. 2017-11, (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features ("ASU 2017-11") was effective for public companies beginning on January 1, 2019. The amendments in ASU 2017-11 changed the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments with down round features. Prior to ASU 2017-11, warrants with down round features were not considered indexed to an entity's own stock under the derivative scope exception in ASC

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815-40, resulting in classification as a liability that must be remeasured at fair value at each reporting period. Under the new guidance, when determining whether certain financial instruments should be classified as liabilities or equity under ASC 815-40, a down round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to the entity's own stock. The Company is still required to determine whether its 2018 Warrants and 2017 Warrants should continue to be classified in equity based on the derivative scope exception under the guidance in ASC 815-40, and such determination has not yet been made. Additionally, under ASU 2017-11, when a down round feature is included in an equity-classified freestanding financial instrument, the value of the effect of the down round feature is treated as a dividend when it is triggered and as a numerator adjustment in the basic earnings per share calculation. This reflects the occurrence of an economic transfer of value to the holder of the instrument.

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Item 2.         Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations, as well as other sections in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, should be read in conjunction with our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein and our audited annual consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 1, 2019. In addition to historical financial information, some of the information contained in the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements other than statements of historical facts, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy, current and prospective products, product approvals, research and development costs, current and prospective collaborations, timing and likelihood of success, plans and objectives of management for future operations and future results of current and anticipated products, are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions described in “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. The events and circumstances reflected in our forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risk factors and uncertainties. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise.
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the “Company,” “Sesen,” “we,” “us,” and “our” include Sesen Bio, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Overview
We are a late-stage clinical company developing targeted fusion protein therapeutics ("TFPTs") composed of an anti-cancer antibody fragment tethered to a protein toxin for the treatment of cancer. We genetically fuse the cancer-targeting antibody fragment and the cytotoxic protein payload into a single molecule which is produced through our proprietary one-step, microbial manufacturing process. We target tumor cell surface antigens with limited expression on normal cells. Binding of the target antigen by the TFPT allows for rapid internalization into the targeted cancer cell. We have designed our targeted proteins to overcome the fundamental efficacy and safety challenges inherent in existing antibody-drug conjugates ("ADCs,") where a payload is chemically attached to a targeting antibody.
Our most advanced product candidate VB4-845, also known as Vicinium®, is a locally-administered targeted fusion protein composed of an anti-EpCAM, or epithelial cell adhesion molecule, antibody fragment tethered to a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A for the treatment of high-risk, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer ("NMIBC"). We have an ongoing single-arm, multi-center, open-label Phase 3 clinical trial of Vicinium as a monotherapy in patients with high-risk, bacillus Calmette-Guérin ("BCG") unresponsive NMIBC, called the VISTA Trial. The VISTA Trial completed enrollment in April 2018 with a total of 133 patients across three cohorts based on histology and time to disease recurrence after adequate BCG treatment (at least two courses of BCG with at least five doses in the first course and two in the second):
Cohort 1 (n=86): Patients with carcinoma in situ ("CIS") with or without papillary disease that recurred within six months of their last course of adequate BCG
Cohort 2 (n=7): Patients with CIS with or without papillary disease that was determined to be refractory or recurred after six months, but less than 11 months, after their last course of adequate BCG
Cohort 3 (n=40): Patients with high-risk papillary disease without CIS that was determined to be refractory or recurred within six months of their last course of adequate BCG

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The primary and secondary endpoints for the VISTA Trial are as follows:
Dose
 
30 mg of Vicinium (in 50 mL of saline)
Total enrollment
 
133 patients, including 86 CIS patients whose disease is BCG unresponsive
Primary endpoint
 
Complete response rate at 3 months in patients with CIS (with or without papillary disease) whose disease is BCG unresponsive; and
 
 
Kaplan-Meier estimate of duration of response for BCG unresponsive CIS patients who experience a complete response.
Patients with CIS will be considered to have a complete response if at the time of any disease status evaluation (per protocol every 13 weeks or any unscheduled evaluation) there is no evidence of high-grade disease (CIS, high-grade Ta or any grade T1 disease) or disease progression (e.g., to muscle invasive disease). Low-grade disease is not considered a treatment failure in these patients and they may remain on study treatment following transurethral resection of the bladder tumor.
Secondary endpoints
 
Event-free survival in all patients;
 
 
Complete response rate in patients at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months in patients with CIS whose disease is BCG unresponsive;
 
 
Time to cystectomy in all patients;
 
 
Time to disease recurrence in papillary patients;
 
 
Progression-free survival in all patients;
 
 
Overall survival in all patients; and
 
 
Safety and tolerability of Vicinium therapy in all patients.
 
 
 
 
Exploratory endpoint
 
To evaluate biomarkers that may be associated with response or disease progression or treatment failure, which may include, for example, EpCAM status, tumor subtype morphology, furin levels in tumor cell endosomes, presence of a glycosaminoglycan coat, and presence of receptors that could impede a host anti-tumor immune response such as PD-L1.
As of a May 29, 2019 data cutoff date, preliminary primary and secondary endpoint data for each of the trial cohorts were as follows:
Cohort 1 (n=82) Complete Response Rate, Evaluable Population, for Carcinoma in situ:
Time Point
Evaluable Patients*
Complete Response Rate
(95% Confidence Interval)
3-months
n=82
39%
6-months
n=82
26%
9-months
n=82
20%
12-months
n=82
17%
*Response-evaluable population includes any modified intention to treat ("mITT") subject who completed the induction phase.
Cohort 2 (n=7) Complete Response Rate, Evaluable Population, for Carcinoma in situ:
Time Point
Evaluable Patients*
Complete Response Rate
(95% Confidence Interval)
3-months
n=7
57%
6-months
n=7
57%
9-months
n=7
43%
12-months
n=7
14%
*Response-evaluable population includes any mITT subject who completed the induction phase.

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Pooled Cohorts 1 and 2 (n=89) Complete Response Rate, Evaluable Population, for Carcinoma in situ:
Time Point
Evaluable Patients*
Complete Response Rate
(95% Confidence Interval)
3-months
n=89
40% (30%- 51%)
6-months
n=89
28% (19%-39%)
9-months
n=89
21% (13%-31%)
12-months
n=89
17% (10%-26%)
*Response-evaluable population includes any mITT subject who completed the induction phase.
Duration of Response: The median duration of response for patients in Cohort 1 and Cohort 2 combined (n=93) is 287 days (95% confidence interval ("CI"), 154-not estimable ("NE")), using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Kaplan-Meier method is a non-parametric statistical analysis used to estimate survival times and times to event when incomplete observations in data exist. Additional ad hoc analysis of pooled data for all patients with CIS (Cohorts 1 and 2, n=93) shows that among patients who achieved a complete response at 3 months, 52% remained disease-free for a total of 12 months or longer after starting treatment, using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time to Disease Recurrence: High-grade papillary (Ta or T1) NMIBC is associated with higher rates of progression and recurrence. Therefore, time to disease recurrence is a key secondary endpoint for patients with high-risk papillary-only NMIBC. The median time to disease recurrence for patients in Cohort 3 (n=40) is 402 days (95% CI, 170-NE), using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time to Cystectomy: The first 2018 United States Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") guidance on treatment of BCG-unresponsive NMIBC patients states that the goal of therapy in such patients is to avoid cystectomy. Therefore, time to cystectomy is a key secondary endpoint in the VISTA Trial. Across all 133 patients treated with Vicinium in the VISTA Trial, greater than 75% of all patients are estimated to remain cystectomy-free at 2.5 years, using the Kaplan-Meier method. Additional ad hoc analysis of responders and non-responders for all patients shows that approximately 88% of responders are estimated to remain cystectomy-free at 3 years.
Progression-Free Survival: 90% of all 133 patients treated with Vicinium in the VISTA Trial are estimated to remain progression-free for 2 years or greater, using the Kaplan-Meier method. Progression-free is defined as the time from the date of first dose of study treatment to disease progression (e.g. T2 or more advanced disease) or death as a first event.
Event-Free Survival: 29% of all 133 patients treated with Vicinium in the VISTA Trial are estimated to remain event-free at 12 months, using the Kaplan-Meier method. Event-free survival is defined as the time from the date of first dose of study treatment to disease recurrence, progression, or death as a first event.
Overall Survival: 96% of all 133 patients treated with Vicinium in the VISTA Trial are estimated to have an overall survival of 2 years or greater, using the Kaplan-Meier method. Overall survival is defined as the time from the date of first dose of study treatment to death from any cause.
Preliminary Safety Results
As of the May 29, 2019 data cut off, in patients across all cohorts (n=133), 88% experienced at least one adverse event, with 95% of adverse events being Grade 1 or 2. The most commonly reported treatment-related adverse events were dysuria (14%), hematuria (13%) and urinary tract infection (12%) - all of which are consistent with the profile of bladder cancer patients and the use of catheterization for treatment delivery. These adverse events were determined by the clinical investigators to be manageable and reversible, and only four patients (3%) discontinued treatment due to an adverse event. Serious adverse events, regardless of treatment attribution, were reported in 14% of patients. There were four treatment-related serious adverse events reported in three patients including acute kidney injury (Grade 3), pyrexia (Grade 2), cholestatic hepatitis (Grade 4) and renal failure (Grade 5). There were no age-related increases in adverse events observed in the VISTA Trial.
Other Vicinium Development Activity
On June 6, 2019, we met with the FDA for a Type B Pre-Biologics License Application ("BLA") meeting regarding the approval pathway for Vicinium for the treatment of patients with high-risk, BCG-unresponsive NMIBC. At the meeting, we reached alignment with the FDA on an Accelerated Approval Pathway for Vicinium along with Rolling Review (as defined below), and we expect to initiate submission of the BLA in the fourth quarter of 2019. The FDA also indicated that the clinical data, nonclinical data, clinical pharmacology data, and the safety database are sufficient to support a BLA submission, and that no additional clinical trials are necessary for a BLA submission. Per the official FDA minutes received post-meeting, the FDA stated that the pre-approval

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inspection may be completed at the time of process performance qualification manufacturing, which we believe will benefit the overall review timeline for the BLA.
Rolling Review of the BLA enables individual modules to be submitted and reviewed on an ongoing basis, rather than waiting for all sections to be completed before submission. The final module submission for the BLA will be chemistry, manufacturing, and controls ("CMC"). In addition, the FDA communicated that they expect that a meeting with the FDA’s Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee will be required as part of the Accelerated Approval Pathway. If Vicinium receives marketing approval for treatment of NMIBC, a post-marketing confirmatory trial will also be required.
On November 4, 2019, we met with the FDA for a Type C meeting to discuss the details of a post-marketing confirmatory trial for Vicinium. At that meeting, we reached agreement with the FDA that the post-marketing confirmatory trial for Vicinium will enroll BCG-refractory patients who have received less-than-adequate BCG, which is especially important in light of the ongoing BCG shortage. Under 2018 FDA guidance on treatment of NMIBC, adequate BCG is defined as at least 5 doses in an initial induction course of treatment, plus at least 2 doses in a second course of treatment. This represents a broader patient population than the BCG-intolerant population originally proposed. We anticipate that, if Vicinium is approved by the FDA, the initial indication will be for BCG-unresponsive patients who have received adequate BCG. If the post-marketing confirmatory trial is successful, it could result in an expanded label to include this additional population of patients who have received less-than-adequate BCG. We have a Type B CMC meeting to discuss the content and timing of the CMC module scheduled with the FDA for December 4, 2019.
In addition, we had a Type C CMC in late May 2019 and reached agreement with the FDA on the analytical comparability plan to be used to assess comparability between the supply used in clinical trials and the potential commercial supply produced by FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. ("Fujifilm"). We also confirmed with the FDA that, subject to final comparability data to be provided in the BLA submission, no additional clinical trials were deemed necessary to establish comparability.
In October 2018, we entered into a Master Bioprocessing Services Agreement with Fujifilm (the "Fujifilm MSA") for the manufacturing process and technology transfer of Vicinium drug substance production. In April 2019, the first full, commercial-scale GMP run was completed at Fujifilm. Full quality release testing has been completed and all Phase 3 release specifications were met, supporting Fujifilm’s ability to produce the bulk drug substance form of Vicinium for commercial purposes if we receive regulatory approval to market Vicinium.
In August 2018, we received Fast Track designation from the FDA for Vicinium for the treatment of high-risk NMIBC.
In June 2017, we entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement ("CRADA") with the National Cancer Institute ("NCI") for the development of Vicinium in combination with AstraZeneca’s immune checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab for the treatment of NMIBC. Under the terms of the CRADA, the NCI will conduct a Phase 1 clinical trial in patients with high-risk NMIBC to evaluate the safety, efficacy and biological correlates of Vicinium in combination with durvalumab. This Phase 1 clinical trial is open and is actively recruiting patients.
Vicinium has also been evaluated for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck ("SCCHN"). Vicinium for the treatment of SCCHN had previously been designated as Proxinium™ to indicate its different fill volume and vial size as well as its different route for local administration via intratumoral injection. In addition to our locally-administered TFPTs, our pipeline also includes systemically-administered TFPTs that are built around our proprietary de-immunized variant of the plant-derived cytotoxin bouganin ("deBouganin"). One of these products, VB6-845d, is a TFPT consisting of an EpCAM targeting Fab genetically linked to deBouganin, a novel plant derived cytotoxic payload that we have optimized for minimal immunogenic potential and is administered by intravenous infusion. We have deferred further development of Vicinium for the treatment of SCCHN and VB6-845d in order to focus our efforts and our resources on our ongoing development of Vicinium for the treatment of high-risk NMIBC. We are also exploring collaborations for Vicinium for the treatment of SCCHN and VB6-845d.
We maintain global development, marketing and commercialization rights for all of our TFPT-based product candidates. We intend to explore various commercialization strategies to market our approved products. If we obtain regulatory approval for Vicinium for the treatment of high-risk NMIBC, we may build a North American specialty urology sales force to market the product or seek commercialization partners. If we obtain regulatory approval for Vicinium for the treatment of SCCHN or for our other product candidates, including VB6-845d, we may seek partners with oncology expertise in order to maximize the commercial value of each asset or a portfolio of assets. We also own or exclusively license worldwide intellectual property rights for all of our TFPT-based product candidates, covering our key patents with protection ranging from 2018 to 2034.
On June 10, 2016, we entered into a License Agreement with F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (collectively, "Roche") (the "License Agreement"), pursuant to which we licensed our monoclonal antibody EBI-031 and all other IL-6 antagonistic anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody technology owned by us. Under the License Agreement, Roche is required to continue developing EBI-031 and pursue ongoing patent prosecution at its cost. At the time of the License Agreement, EBI-031, which was derived using our previous AMP-Rx platform, was in pre-clinical development as an intravitreal injection for diabetic macular edema and uveitis. Through September 30, 2019, we have received $30.0 million in payments from Roche pursuant to the License

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Agreement, including a $7.5 million upfront payment and a $22.5 million milestone payment as a result of the investigational new drug application for EBI-031 becoming effective. We are also entitled to receive up to an additional $240.0 million upon the achievement of other specified regulatory, development and commercial milestones, as well as royalties based on net sales of potential future products containing EBI-031 or any other potential future products containing other IL-6 compounds.
Liquidity and Going Concern
As of September 30, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of $57.9 million, net working capital of $50.3 million and an accumulated deficit of $260.0 million. We incurred negative cash flows from operating activities of $22.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 and $23.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Since our inception, we have received no revenue from sales of our products currently under development, and we anticipate that operating losses will continue for the foreseeable future as we continue our ongoing Phase 3 clinical trial for Vicinium and seek marketing approval from the FDA. We have financed our operations to date primarily through private placements of our common stock, preferred stock and convertible bridge notes, venture debt borrowings, our initial public offering ("IPO"), follow-on public offerings, sales effected in an "at-the-market" ("ATM") offering and our License Agreement with Roche.
Under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern, we are required at each reporting period to evaluate whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. This evaluation initially does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of our plans that have not been fully implemented as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists, we evaluate whether the mitigating effect of our plans sufficiently alleviates the substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of our plans, however, is only considered if both (i) it is probable that our plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that our financial statements are issued and (ii) it is probable that our plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that our financial statements are issued. Generally, to be considered probable of being effectively implemented, our plans must have been approved by our Board of Directors before the date that our financial statements are issued.
Our future success is dependent on our ability to develop our product candidates and ultimately upon our ability to attain profitable operations. In order to commercialize our product candidates, we need to complete clinical development and comply with comprehensive regulatory requirements. We are subject to a number of risks similar to other late-stage clinical companies, including, but not limited to, successful discovery and development of our product candidates, raising additional capital, development by our competitors of new technological innovations, protection of proprietary technology and market acceptance of our products. The successful discovery and development of product candidates requires substantial working capital, and management expects to seek additional funds through equity or debt financings or through additional collaboration, licensing transactions or other sources. We may be unable to obtain equity or debt financings or enter into additional collaboration or licensing transactions at favorable terms, or at all. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interests of existing stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of existing stockholders. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include liens or other restrictive covenants limiting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If we raise additional funds through government or other third-party funding, strategic collaborations and alliances or licensing arrangements, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may be required to implement cost reduction strategies and delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market products or product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market.
Our management does not believe that our cash and cash equivalents of $57.9 million as of September 30, 2019 is sufficient to fund our current operating plan for at least twelve months after the issuance of our condensed consolidated financial statements. Based on our current operating plan, we anticipate having sufficient cash to fund our operations into the fourth quarter of 2020. Our history of significant losses, negative cash flows from operations, limited cash resources currently on hand and dependence on our ability - about which there can be no certainty - to obtain additional financing to fund our operations after the current cash resources are exhausted raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q were prepared under the assumption that we will continue as a going concern and do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

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Components of Our Results of Operations
Research and Development
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for the development of our product candidates, which include: 
employee-related expenses, including salaries, benefits, travel and share-based compensation expense;
expenses incurred under agreements with contract research organizations ("CROs") and investigative sites that conduct our clinical trials;
expenses associated with developing manufacturing capabilities and manufacturing clinical study materials;
expenses associated with transferring manufacturing capabilities to contract manufacturing organizations ("CMOs") for commercial-scale production;
facilities, depreciation, and other expenses, which include direct and allocated expenses for rent and maintenance of facilities, insurance, and other supplies; and
expenses associated with pre-clinical and regulatory activities.
We expense research and development costs as incurred. We recognize external development costs based on an evaluation of the progress to completion of specific tasks using information and data provided to us by our vendors and our clinical sites.
The successful development and commercialization of any product candidate is highly uncertain. This is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with product development and commercialization, including the uncertainty of:
the scope, progress, outcome and costs of our clinical trials and other research and development activities;
the efficacy and potential advantages of our product candidates compared to alternative treatments, including any standard of care;
the market acceptance of our product candidates;
the cost and timing of the implementation of commercial-scale manufacturing of our product candidates;
obtaining, maintaining, defending and enforcing patent claims and other intellectual property rights;
significant and changing government regulation; and
the timing, receipt and terms of any marketing approvals.
A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of any product candidate could mean a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate. For example, if the FDA or another regulatory authority were to require us to conduct clinical trials or other testing beyond those that we currently contemplate will be required for the completion of clinical development of any product candidate, we could be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time on the completion of clinical development of that product candidate.
We allocate direct research and development expenses, consisting principally of external costs, such as fees paid to investigators, consultants, central laboratories and CROs in connection with our clinical trials, and costs related to manufacturing or purchasing clinical trial materials and technology transfer, to specific product programs. We do not allocate employee and contractor-related costs, costs associated with our platform and facility expenses, including depreciation or other indirect costs, to specific product programs because these costs may be deployed across multiple product programs under research and development and, as such, are separately classified. The table below provides research and development expenses incurred for Vicinium for the treatment of high-risk NMIBC and other expenses by category. We have deferred further development of Vicinium for the treatment of SCCHN and VB6-845d in order to focus our efforts and our resources on our ongoing development of Vicinium for the treatment of high-risk NMIBC. We expect our research and development expenses for Vicinium for the treatment of high-risk NMIBC will continue to increase during subsequent periods. We did not allocate research and development expenses to any other specific product program during the periods presented (in thousands):

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Three Months ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months ended
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Programs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vicinium, for the treatment of high-risk NMIBC
$
4,248

 
$
1,688

 
$
12,620

 
$
5,259

Total direct program expenses
4,248

 
1,688

 
12,620

 
5,259

Personnel and other expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employee and contractor-related expenses
1,916

 
879

 
4,973

 
2,723

Platform-related lab expenses
51

 
53

 
464

 
153

Facility expenses
94

 
94

 
319

 
263

Other expenses
304

 
658

 
867

 
1,008

Total personnel and other expenses
2,365

 
1,684

 
6,623

 
4,147

Total Research and Development
$
6,613

 
$
3,372

 
$
19,243

 
$
9,406

General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs for personnel, including share-based compensation, in executive, operational, finance, business development and human resource functions. Other general and administrative expenses include facility-related costs, professional fees for legal, patent, consulting and accounting services, commercial market research and U.S. pre-launch market readiness.
Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration
In connection with the acquisition of Viventia Bio, Inc. ("Viventia") in September 2016, we recorded contingent consideration pertaining to the amounts potentially payable to Viventia's shareholders pursuant to the terms of the share purchase agreement between us, Viventia, and the other signatories thereto and are based on regulatory approval in certain markets and future revenue levels. The fair value of contingent consideration is assessed at each balance sheet date and changes, if any, to the fair value are recognized in earnings (or loss) for the period.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net consists primarily of interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents.

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Results of Operations
Comparison of the Three Months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
 
Three Months ended
September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Dollars
 
Percentage
 
(in thousands, except percentages)
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and development
$
6,613

 
$
3,372

 
$
3,241

 
96
 %
General and administrative
3,238

 
3,825

 
(587
)
 
(15
)%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration

3,600

 
7,200

 
(3,600
)
 
(50
)%
Total operating expenses
13,451

 
14,397

 
(946
)
 
(7
)%
Loss from Operations
(13,451
)
 
(14,397
)
 
946

 
(7
)%
Other income (expense):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income, net
319

 
382

 
(63
)
 
(16
)%
Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss
$
(13,132
)
 
$
(14,015
)
 
$
883

 
(6
)%
Research and Development
Research and development expenses were $6.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $3.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase of $3.2 million was due primarily to increases in technology transfer and manufacturing costs associated with the Fujifilm MSA, increases in regulatory consulting fees and internal and external staffing costs, partially offset by lower expenses related to our Phase 3 VISTA Trial.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses were $3.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $3.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease of $0.6 million was due primarily to decreases in legal, commercial and employee compensation expenses, offset by an increase in professional fees.
Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration
The change in fair value of contingent consideration was $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $7.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase of $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily attributable to a slightly lower discount rate, based on prevailing market conditions as of September 30, 2019, applicable to the earnout royalty payments potentially payable to Viventia's shareholders under the Share Purchase Agreement. The increase of $7.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was attributable to both higher forecasted revenue based on a change in the pricing assumptions utilized by management and the effect of a lower discount rate, based on prevailing market conditions as of September 30, 2018, applicable to the earnout royalty payments potentially payable to Viventia's shareholders under the Share Purchase Agreement. Changes in forecast assumptions, including the probability of regulatory approvals and Vicinium pricing and sales volumes, as well as changes in the discount rate utilized based on prevailing market conditions, could result in materially different fair value estimates.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net was $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The change of $0.1 million was due to lower interest income on cash balances.

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Comparison of the Nine Months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
 
Nine Months ended
September 30,
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Dollars
 
Percentage
 
(in thousands, except percentages)
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and development
$
19,243

 
$
9,406

 
$
9,837

 
105
%
General and administrative
8,910

 
8,128

 
782

 
10
%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration

46,600

 
9,900

 
36,700

 
371
%
Total operating expenses
74,753

 
27,434

 
47,319

 
172
%
Loss from Operations
(74,753
)
 
(27,434
)
 
(47,319
)
 
172
%
Other income (expense):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income, net
806

 
498

 
308

 
62
%
Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss
$
(73,947
)
 
$
(26,936
)
 
$
(47,011
)
 
175
%
Research and Development
Research and development expenses were $19.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $9.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase of $9.8 million was due primarily to increases in technology transfer and manufacturing costs associated with the Fujifilm MSA, increases in regulatory consulting and employee-related compensation, partially offset by lower expenses related to our Phase 3 VISTA Trial.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses were $8.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $8.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase of $0.8 million was due primarily to increases in commercial market research, employee-related compensation, and professional and audit fees, offset by a decrease in legal costs.
Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration
The change in fair value of contingent consideration was $46.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $9.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, we reassessed the total addressable global market for NMIBC and determined that both the global market size and estimated potential Vicinium commercial net sales within the global NMIBC market were likely higher than the Company’s previous estimates. Specific drivers of the increased revenue estimates include the expectation that Vicinium could achieve peak market penetration earlier than previously estimated and the expectation that Vicinium sales outside the United States could be two to three times the expected sales volumes in the United States. As contingent consideration incorporates a royalty rate of 2% on all commercial net sales reported through December 2033, an increase in expected future net sales correlates to an increase in the fair value of our potential contingent consideration. Accordingly, our contingent consideration at September 30, 2019 was adjusted to reflect our updated view of the NMIBC market and the potential sales volumes of Vicinium in that market. The change in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was therefore due to changes in assumptions related to Vicinium pricing and projected sales volumes in both the U.S. and outside the U.S. ("OUS") markets compared to prior assumptions utilized as of December 31, 2018. The increase of $9.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was attributable to both higher forecasted revenue based on a change in the pricing assumptions utilized by management and the effect of a lower discount rate, based on prevailing market conditions as of September 30, 2018, applicable to the earnout royalty payments potentially payable to Viventia's shareholders under the Share Purchase Agreement. Changes in forecast assumptions, including the probability of regulatory approvals and Vicinium pricing and sales volumes, as well as changes in the discount rate utilized based on prevailing market conditions, could result in materially different fair value estimates.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net was $0.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The change of $0.3 million was due to increased interest income on higher cash balances as a result of the equity financings.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
As of September 30, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of $57.9 million, net working capital of $50.3 million and an accumulated deficit of $260.0 million. We incurred negative cash flows from operating activities of $22.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 and $23.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Since our inception, we have received no revenue from sales of our products currently under development, and we anticipate that operating losses will continue for the foreseeable future as we continue our ongoing Phase 3 VISTA Trial for Vicinium and seek marketing approval from the FDA. We have financed our operations to date primarily through private placements of our common stock, preferred stock and convertible bridge notes, venture debt borrowings, our IPO, follow-on public offerings, sales effected in an ATM offering and our License Agreement with Roche.
In June 2019, we raised $27.8 million of net proceeds from the sale of 20.4 million shares of common stock and accompanying warrants to purchase an additional 20.4 million shares of common stock in an underwritten public offering. Additionally, from January 1, 2019 through September 30, 2019, we received $3.4 million in proceeds from the exercise of outstanding warrants to purchase common stock issued in connection with (i) our underwritten public offering in November 2017 and (ii) our March 2018 registered direct public offering and concurrent private placement.
Our management does not believe that our cash and cash equivalents of $57.9 million as of September 30, 2019 is sufficient to fund our current operating plan for at least twelve months after the issuance of our interim consolidated financial statements. Based on our current operating plan, we anticipate having sufficient cash to fund our operations into the fourth quarter of 2020. Our history of significant losses, negative cash flows from operations, limited cash resources currently on hand and dependence on our ability - about which there can be no certainty - to obtain additional financing to fund our operations after the current cash resources are exhausted raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The interim consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q were prepared under the assumption that we will continue as a going concern and do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Funding Requirements
Our future success is dependent on our ability to develop our product candidates and ultimately upon our ability to attain profitable operations. In order to commercialize our product candidates, we need to complete clinical development and comply with comprehensive regulatory requirements. We are subject to a number of risks similar to other late-stage clinical companies, including, but not limited to, successful discovery and development of our product candidates, raising additional capital with favorable terms, development by our competitors of new technological innovations, protection of proprietary technology and market acceptance of our products. The successful discovery and development of product candidates requires substantial working capital, and we expect to seek additional funds through equity or debt financings or through additional collaboration, licensing transactions or other sources. We may be unable to obtain equity or debt financings or enter into additional collaboration or licensing transactions at favorable terms, or at all, and, if necessary, we may be required to implement cost reduction strategies.
We will incur substantial expenses if and as we:
continue our Phase 3 clinical trial for Vicinium for the treatment of high-risk NMIBC;
seek marketing approvals for any product candidates that successfully complete clinical trials;
establish sales, marketing and distribution capabilities and scale up and validate external manufacturing capabilities (including initiating and completing the manufacturing process and technology transfer to any third-party manufacturers) to commercialize any products for which we may obtain marketing approval;
maintain, expand and protect our intellectual property portfolio;
add equipment and physical infrastructure to support our research and development;
hire additional clinical, regulatory, quality control, scientific and management personnel;
expand our operational, financial and management systems and personnel;
conduct research and pre-clinical and clinical development of our other product candidates;
seek to discover and develop additional product candidates; and
in-license or acquire the rights to other products, product candidates or technologies.
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
the scope, initiation, progress, timing, costs and results of pre-clinical development and laboratory testing and clinical trials for our product candidates;
the cost and timing of any new clinical trials or studies of our product candidates;
our ability to establish collaborations or licensing arrangements on favorable terms, if at all, particularly manufacturing, marketing and distribution arrangements for our product candidates;

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the costs and timing of the implementation of commercial-scale manufacturing activities, including those associated with the manufacturing process and technology transfer to third-party manufacturers to facilitate such commercial-scale manufacturing;
the costs and timing of establishing sales, marketing and distribution capabilities for any product candidates for which we may receive regulatory approval;
the costs and timing of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications, maintaining and enforcing our intellectual property rights and defending any intellectual property-related claims;
our obligation to make milestone, royalty and other payments to third-party licensors under our licensing agreements;
the extent to which we in-license or acquire rights to other products, product candidates or technologies;
the outcome, timing and cost of regulatory review by the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities, including the potential for the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities, including Health Canada, to require that we perform more studies than those that we currently expect to perform;
our ability to achieve certain future regulatory, development and commercialization milestones under the License Agreement with Roche;
the effect of competing technological and market developments; and
the revenue, if any, received from commercial sales of any product candidates for which we receive regulatory approval.
Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial product revenues from commercial sales, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings, government or other third-party funding, strategic collaborations and alliances, and licensing arrangements. We do not have any committed external source of funds other than the amounts payable under the License Agreement with Roche. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interests of existing stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of existing stockholders. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include liens or other restrictive covenants limiting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If we raise additional funds through government or other third-party funding, strategic collaborations and alliances or licensing arrangements, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market products or product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.
Cash Flows
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands): 
 
Nine Months ended
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
$
(23,716
)
 
$
(15,182
)
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities
(137
)
 
5

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
31,296

 
58,363

Net Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
$
7,443

 
$
43,186

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $23.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and consisted primarily of a net loss of $73.9 million, adjusted for non-cash items, including share-based compensation of $0.9 million, a change in the fair value of contingent consideration of $46.6 million and a net increase in operating assets and liabilities of $2.6 million.
Net cash used in operating activities was $15.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and consisted primarily of a net loss of $26.9 million, adjusted for non-cash items, including share-based compensation of $0.9 million, a change in the fair value of contingent consideration of $9.9 million and a net increase in operating assets and liabilities of $0.8 million.
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities consisted of de minimis purchases and sales of property and equipment during each of the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

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Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 consisted of (i) $27.8 million in net proceeds from the June 2019 Financing and (ii) $3.4 million in proceeds from the exercise of warrants to purchase our common stock.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 consisted of (i) $8.7 million in net proceeds from the March 2018 sale of 8.0 million shares of our common stock in a registered direct public offering; (ii) $0.3 million in net proceeds from the sale of warrants to purchase 8.0 million shares of our common stock in the March 2018 Private Placement; (iii) $41.9 million in net proceeds from the sale of 25.6 million shares of our common stock in an underwritten public offering in connection with our June 2018 Financing; and (iv) $7.3 million in proceeds from the exercise of warrants to purchase our common stock.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles and the rules and regulations of the SEC require the use of estimates and assumptions, based on complex judgments considered reasonable, and affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Our critical accounting policies are those policies which require the most significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Management has determined that our most critical accounting policies are those relating to the fair value of intangible assets, goodwill and contingent consideration; income taxes (including the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets); research and development expenses; and going concern considerations.
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
In accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”), during the period that an asset is considered indefinite-lived, such as in-process research and development (“IPR&D”), it is not amortized. Acquired IPR&D represents the fair value assigned to research and development assets that have not reached technological feasibility. The value assigned to acquired IPR&D is determined by estimating the costs to develop the acquired technology into commercially viable products, estimating the resulting revenue from the projects, and discounting the net cash flows to present value. The revenue and cost projections used to value acquired IPR&D are, as applicable, reduced based on the probability of success of developing a new drug. Additionally, the projections consider the relevant market sizes and growth factors, expected trends in technology, and the nature and expected timing of new product introductions by the Company and its competitors. The rates utilized to discount the net cash flows to their present value are commensurate with the stage of development of the projects and uncertainties in the economic estimates used in the projections. Upon the acquisition of IPR&D, the Company completes an assessment of whether its acquisition constitutes the purchase of a single asset or a group of assets. Multiple factors are considered in this assessment, including the nature of the technology acquired, the presence or absence of separate cash flows, the development process and stage of completion, quantitative significance and the rationale for entering into the transaction. Indefinite-lived assets are maintained on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet until either the project underlying it is completed or the asset becomes impaired. Indefinite-lived assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the reduction in the fair value of the IPR&D asset is below its respective carrying amount. If the Company determines that an impairment has occurred, a write-down of the carrying value and an impairment charge to operating expenses in the period the determination is made is recorded. When development of an IPR&D asset is complete, it is deemed finite-lived and then amortized over its estimated useful life at that point.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible net assets when accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Goodwill is not amortized, but is reviewed for impairment. The Company tests its goodwill for impairment annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred, by comparing its carrying value to its implied fair value in accordance with ASC 350. Impairment may result from, among other things, deterioration in the performance of the acquired asset, adverse market conditions, adverse changes in applicable laws or regulations and a variety of other circumstances. If the Company determines that an impairment has occurred, a write-down of the carrying value and an impairment charge to operating expenses in the period the determination is made is recorded. In evaluating the carrying value of goodwill, the Company must make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the reporting unit. Changes in strategy or market conditions could significantly impact those judgments in the future and require an adjustment to the recorded balances.
Contingent Consideration
In connection with the acquisition of Viventia Bio Inc., the Company recorded contingent consideration pertaining to the amounts potentially payable to Viventia Bio Inc.'s selling shareholders pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement . Contingent consideration is measured at fair value on a recurring basis at each reporting period and is based on significant inputs not observable in the

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market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The valuation of contingent consideration uses assumptions the Company believes would be made by a market participant. The Company assesses these estimates on an ongoing basis as additional data impacting the assumptions is obtained. Any changes in the fair value of contingent consideration are charged to earnings in the period they are determined.
Contingent consideration may change significantly as development progresses and additional data are obtained, impacting the Company’s assumptions regarding probabilities of successful achievement of related milestones used to estimate the fair value of the liability and the timing in which they are expected to be achieved. In evaluating the fair value information, considerable judgment is required to interpret the market data used to develop the estimates. The estimates of fair value may not be indicative of the amounts that could be realized in a current market exchange. Accordingly, the use of different market assumptions and/or different valuation techniques could result in materially different fair value estimates.
Income Taxes
The Company provides for income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of the assets and liabilities using the enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is recorded if, based on the weight of the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes. When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that the benefit will more likely than not be realized. The determination as to whether the tax benefit will more likely than not be realized is based upon the technical merits of the tax position as well as consideration of the available facts and circumstances. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company did not have any significant uncertain tax positions.
Research and Development Costs
Expenditures relating to research and development are expensed in the period incurred. Research and development expenses consist of both internal and external costs associated with all basic research activities, clinical activities and technical effort required to develop a new product or service. The research and development costs include personnel-related costs, share-based compensation, facilities, research-related overhead, pre-approval regulatory and clinical trial costs, manufacturing costs and other contracted services, license fees and other external costs. Estimates of incurred but unbilled research and development services performed by third parties, including CROs and CMOs, are required to be made at each reporting period.
In certain circumstances, the Company is required to make advance payments to vendors for goods or services that will be received in the future for use in research and development activities. In such circumstances, the advance payments are deferred and are expensed when the activity has been performed or when the goods have been received.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Recently issued accounting standards are discussed in “Item 1. Financial Statements - Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 4. Recent Accounting Pronouncements” above.
Commitments and Contractual Obligations
As of September 30, 2019, there were no material changes to our commitments and contractual obligations as set forth in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Commitments and Contractual Obligations" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.

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Item 3.         Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Our cash is held on deposit in demand accounts at a large financial institution in amounts in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insurance coverage limit of $250,000 per depositor, per FDIC-insured bank, per ownership category.
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk principally consist of cash equivalents. We limit our credit risk associated with cash equivalents by placing investments in highly-rated money market funds.
Inflationary factors, such as increases in our operating expenses, may adversely affect our operating results. Although we do not believe inflation has had a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows to date, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on our ability to manage our operating expenses.
Foreign Currency Risk
Because our functional currency is in U.S. Dollars, we face foreign exchange rate risk as a result of entering into transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars. As a result of our Viventia subsidiary in Winnipeg, Manitoba, our primary foreign currency exposure is to fluctuations in the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar. A hypothetical 10% change in average foreign currency exchange rates during any of the preceding periods presented would not have a material effect on our net loss. Foreign exchange rates may continue to be a factor in future periods as we continue to expand and grow our business. We do not engage in any foreign currency hedging activities, or any other hedging activities.
Item 4.         Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time period specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Notwithstanding our assessment that, as noted below, our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2018 related to accounting for business combinations, our management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level. The material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting was attributable primarily to our lack of expertise in our finance and accounting group related to the accounting for business combinations.
As more fully discussed in "Part II - Item 9A. Controls and Procedures" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, to remediate the material weakness referenced above, we have implemented or have plans to implement the remediation initiatives described therein and will continue to evaluate the remediation and plan to implement additional measures in the future.
Previously Identified Material Weakness
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and our board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2018.
As of December 31, 2018, there was a material weakness, identified in 2016, in our controls over the financial reporting process related to business combinations. As a result of inexperience in our finance and accounting group related to the accounting for

33

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business combinations, we lacked sufficient review of assumptions used and conclusions reached from the perspective of a typical market participant used in the acquisition valuation model. While we implemented processes and controls in 2017 and 2018 to remediate the material weakness over the review of assumptions related to business combinations, the remediation effort was ongoing. As a result, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2018.
Remediation Status
As more fully discussed in "Part II - Item 9A. Controls and Procedures" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, to remediate the material weaknesses referenced above, we have implemented or have plans to implement the remediation initiatives described therein. We also continue to engage independent consultants to aid in the review of our financial reporting process and continue to evaluate steps to remediate the previously identified material weakness.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, management continued to implement certain remediation initiatives discussed in "Part II - Item 9A. Controls and Procedures" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. However, there was no change to our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Table of Contents

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.         Legal Proceedings.
We are not currently subject to any material legal proceedings.
Item 1A.
Risk Factors.
You should carefully consider the information described in “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. There have been no material changes to the risk factors described therein.
Item 2.        Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
We did not issue any unregistered equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Item 3.         Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Not applicable.
Item 4.         Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5.         Other Information.
None.

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Item 6.        Exhibits.
Exhibit Index
Exhibit
No.
Description
3.1

3.2
3.3
3.4
4.1


4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5

4.6
4.7
4.8
10.1*
10.2
10.3*

31.1*
31.2*
32.1*
32.2*
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
*
Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
SESEN BIO, INC.
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
Date:
November 12, 2019
By:
/s/ Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M.
 
 
Name:
Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M.
 
 
Title:
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)


37
Exhibit


Exhibit 10.1

July 26, 2019
Dear Mark:
It is my pleasure to offer you the position of General Counsel & Secretary at Sesen Bio (the “Company" or "Sesen Bio"). Your start date will be August 1, 2019 (the “Commencement Date”). This letter summarizes important details about your employment, should you accept this offer (“Letter Agreement”). This Letter Agreement shall be effective on August 1, 2019, which shall also be your start date (“Effective Date”).
1.    Title, Position and Duties: You will hold the position of General Counsel & Secretary with the Company and you will report to the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). You will have such duties and responsibilities as are usually performed by the general counsel and secretary of a Delaware corporation, including such duties as are reasonably and appropriately delegated to you from time to time by the CEO or the Board of Directors (the “Board”), consistent with your position as General Counsel & Secretary, and you will have the authority and resources consistent with such position, subject to adjustments in resources consistent with normal operating decisions of the CEO or the Board in the event of changes in strategy or programs or any other changes to resources that are reasonable in light of the Company’s then current financial condition.
2.    Full-Time and Best Efforts: As the Company’s General Counsel & Secretary, which is a full-time position, we expect that you will devote substantially all of your working time to the performance of your Company duties in a satisfactory manner and to the best of your abilities at all times. You shall not engage in any other business or occupation during your employment here, including, without limitation, any activity that conflicts with the interests of the Company, interferes with the proper and efficient performance of your duties for the Company, or interferes with your exercise of judgment in the Company’s best interests. Approval of the CEO and/or Board will be required for you to serve on other outside boards while you are employed by the Company, including any outside for-profit boards, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. Notwithstanding the foregoing, you will be permitted to serve as an officer, director or trustee of any charitable, educational or non-profit organization, without the Company’s prior consent, provided that such services do not interfere with the performance of your duties to the Company or represent an actual or apparent conflict of interest with your role at the Company.
3.    Compensation: You shall receive an annualized salary of $350,000 (“Base Salary”), pro-rated for the calendar year 2019, and paid in accordance with the Company's standard payroll practices, and subject to all applicable tax reporting and withholding. In January 2020, you will be considered for a merit review in conjunction with your performance review (which generally is conducted annually) and consistent with the Company’s compensation practices, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion.
4.    Annual Bonus: You will be eligible for an annual target bonus of up to 35% of your Base Salary, based upon achievement of both corporate and individual goals, as determined by the Board or a designed committee of the Board (“Annual Bonus”), and shall be subject to all applicable tax reporting and withholding. The determination of whether an Annual Bonus will be granted, and the amount of any such bonus, will be solely determined by the Board or a designated committee of the Board in its sole discretion based on factors upon which the Board alone may choose to rely. All Annual Bonuses, if any, will be payable no later than March 15 of the year following the year in which they were earned. Bonuses are prorated for percentage of year as a full time employee. Please note that you must be employed on the date Annual Bonuses, if any, are paid, in order to be eligible for and to earn such a payment, as such bonuses also serve as retention incentives. The fact that you may receive a bonus in one year does not mean you will receive one in any other year.
5.    Stock Option: Subject to and upon approval by the Board or a designated committee of the Board, you will be granted, on your Commencement Date, an option to purchase 200,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Company (the “Common Stock”), under the Company’s 2014 Stock Incentive Plan. The option grant (the “Grant”) shall have an exercise price equal to the closing price of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq Global Market on the Commencement Date and shall vest as to 6.25% of the shares subject to the Grant at the end of each successive three-month period following the Grant Date until the fourth anniversary of the Grant Date. The Board or a designated committee of the Board will consider annually whether to grant additional equity awards to its employees and you will be eligible to be considered for such additional annual equity grants.
6.    Employee Benefits: The Company presently offers a comprehensive benefit package that includes group health, dental and vision plans as well as life and disability and time-off benefits. Benefits offered by the Company may change from time to time in the sole discretion of the Board.
7.    Vacation Time: As a full-time employee of the Company, you are eligible for up to fifteen (15) paid vacation days annually that are accrued on a monthly basis at a rate of 1.25 days (10 hours) per month of full time employment. The use and





accrual of vacation is governed by the Company’s vacation pay policy in effect, which may change from time to time in the sole discretion of the Board.
8.    Term of Employment; Restrictive Covenant Agreement: It is important for you to understand that you are an employee “at will”. This means that you have the right to terminate your employment relationship with Sesen Bio at any time with or without notice, for any reason or no reason. Similarly, the Company has the right to terminate its employment relationship with you, with or without notice, at any time for any or no reason. As a condition of your employment with the Company, you will be required to execute the enclosed Employee Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation, Confidentiality, and Assignment Agreement. Your employment and this Letter Agreement will be governed by the laws of the Massachusetts.
9.    Severance Benefits: Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that Sesen Bio terminates your employment without “Cause” or you resign with “Good Reason” (each term as defined below and in either case a “Qualifying Termination”), you will be eligible for the benefits outlined in sub-paragraphs A or B below (the “Severance Benefits”), subject to the terms set forth in this Letter Agreement:
A.
If a Qualifying Termination occurs: (i) Sesen Bio will pay you severance in the form of continuation of your Base Salary for a total of 12 months (“Severance Period”), such amount to be paid in accordance with the Company’s then current payroll practices, except as otherwise specified in this Letter Agreement, beginning on the Company’s first regular payroll date that occurs after the Payment Date (as defined below), and (ii) subject to the terms and conditions provided for in COBRA, and subject to your timely election of COBRA and copayment of premium amounts at the active employee’s rate, the Company shall pay its then current share of premium payments for group health and dental insurance after the termination date through the earliest of (1) your Severance Period as outlined above, (2) the date you become employed with benefits substantially comparable to the benefits provided under the corresponding Company plan, and (3) the date you become ineligible for COBRA benefits; provided, however, that such Company-paid premiums may be recorded as additional income pursuant to Section 6041 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) and not entitled to any tax qualified treatment to the extent necessary to comply with or avoid the discriminatory treatment prohibited by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 or Section 105(h) of the Code. You shall be responsible for the entire COBRA premium should you elect to maintain this coverage after the earliest of the dates specified in Sections 9.A.(ii)(1)-(3) above.
B.
If a Qualifying Termination occurs within twelve (12) months after a Change in Control Transaction (as defined below), then: (i) you will be eligible for the same severance payments and COBRA premium assistance as set forth in sections 9.A.i-A.ii above, subject to the same terms, conditions, and limitations as described therein; and (ii) the vesting of 100% of your then outstanding unvested equity grants shall be accelerated, such that all unvested equity grants vest and become fully exercisable or non-forfeitable as of the termination date for a period of 90 days following the termination date; after such 90-day period, all unvested equity grants will no longer be exercisable.
For the sake of clarity, it shall not be a “Qualifying Termination” if you voluntarily resign without Good Reason, your employment terminates For Cause or your employment terminates because of your death or due to your suffering a Disability (as defined below).
C.
The Severance Benefits will be subject to the following terms:
i.
Solely for purposes of Section 409A of the Code, each salary continuation payment is considered a separate payment.
ii.
Any Severance Benefit under this Letter Agreement will begin only upon the date of your “separation from service” (as defined under Section 409A(a)(2)(A)(i) of the Code and Treas. Reg. §1.409A-1(h)) which occurs on or after the date of termination of the employment. To the extent that the termination of your employment does not constitute a separation from service under Section 409A(a)(2)(A)(i) of the Code and Treas. Reg. §1.409A-1(h) (as the result of further services that are reasonably anticipated to be provided by you to the Company, or any of its parents, subsidiaries or affiliates, at the time your employment terminates), any severance benefits payable that constitute deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code shall be delayed until after the date of a subsequent event constituting a separation from service under Section 409A(a)(2)(A)(i) of the Code and Treas. Reg. §1.409A-1(h). For purposes of clarification, this section shall not cause any forfeiture of benefits on your part, but shall only act as a delay until such time as a “separation from service” occurs.
Further, if you are a “specified employee” (as that term is used in Section 409A of the Code and regulations and other guidance issued thereunder) on the date your separation from service becomes effective, any severance benefits payable hereunder that constitute non-qualified deferred compensation





under Section 409A of the Code shall be delayed until the earlier of (i) the business day following the six-month anniversary of the date your separation from service becomes effective, and (ii) the date of your death, but only to the extent necessary to avoid such penalties under Section 409A of the Code. On the earlier of (A) the business day following the six-month anniversary of the date your separation from service becomes effective, and (B) your death, the Company shall pay you in a lump sum the aggregate value of the non-qualified deferred compensation that the Company otherwise would have paid you prior to that date as described above. Neither the Company nor you shall have the right to accelerate or defer the delivery of any such payments or benefits except to the extent specifically permitted or required by Section 409A of the Code. The Company makes no representation or warranty and shall have no liability to you or any other person if any provision of this Letter Agreement is determined to constitute deferred compensation subject to Section 409A of the Code, but do not satisfy an exemption from, or the conditions of, Section 409A of the Code.
iii.
Sesen Bio’s obligations to make the above Severance Benefits payments will be contingent upon your execution of and compliance with a release of claims in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “Release”), which Release must be signed and any applicable revocation period with respect thereto must have expired by the sixtieth (60th) day following the date of termination (i.e., last employment day with the Company). The Severance Benefits payments shall be paid or commence on the first payroll period following the date the waiver and release becomes effective (the “Payment Date”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the 60th day following the date of termination occurs in the calendar year following the termination, then the Payment Date shall be no earlier than January 1 of such subsequent calendar year. In addition, you must comply with all post-employment obligations, including those in the Employee Non-Competition, Non- Solicitation, Confidentiality and Assignment Agreement that you shall sign as a condition of employment, in order to be entitled to the Severance Benefits. In the event that you are in breach of any post-employment obligations, the Company shall cease providing the Severance Benefits.
iv.
The Company’s obligations to pay or provide the Severance Benefits will be contingent upon your having tendered your resignation from any position on the Board, if applicable (and any other boards on which you serve at the request of the Company), effective as of the date of termination.
v.
You agree to give prompt written notice of any reemployment during the Severance Period or CIC Severance Period that results in eligibility for comparable medical and dental benefits. If the Company makes any overpayment of COBRA Benefits, you agree to promptly return any such overpayment to the Company. The foregoing shall not create any obligation on your part to seek reemployment after the date of termination of your employment.
10.    Definitions: For purposes of this Letter Agreement, “for Cause” shall mean the Company has complied with the “Cause Process”, as defined below, following your committing one or more of the following (each a “Cause Condition”): (i) an act of material dishonesty involving the Company, embezzlement, or misappropriation of assets or property of the Company; (ii) gross negligence or willful misconduct in connection with the performance of your duties, theft, fraud or breach of fiduciary duty to the Company; (iii) your willful, sustained, or repeated failure to substantially perform the duties or obligations of your position (other than due to illness or injury); (iv) a violation of federal or state securities law; (v) the conviction of a felony or any crime involving moral turpitude, including a plea of nolo contendere; (vi) a material breach of any of the Company’s written policies related to conduct, ethics, equal employment or harassment; or (vii) a material breach of your Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation, Confidentiality and Assignment Agreement.
“Cause Process” shall mean that (i) the Company reasonably determines, in good faith, that one of the Cause Conditions has occurred; (ii) the Company notifies you in writing of the first occurrence of the Cause Condition within thirty (30) days of the Board becoming aware of such condition; (iii) the Company cooperates in good faith with your efforts, for a period not less than thirty (30) days following such notice (the “Cause Cure Period”), to remedy the Cause Condition; (iv) notwithstanding such efforts, the Cause Condition continues to exist; and (v) the Company terminates your employment within thirty (30) days after the end of the Cause Cure Period, provided that the Company will not be required to provide a Cause Cure Period in the event that a Cause Condition (x) is of the type described in clauses (iv), (v) or (vi) of the first sentence of this Section 10; (y) is incapable of being cured; or (z) is required to be publicly disclosed under applicable securities law or stock exchange rule.
If you cure to the Company’s satisfaction any Cause Condition during the applicable Cause Cure Period, Cause shall be deemed not to have occurred. If the Company is not required to provide a Cause Cure Period, the Cause Process will be satisfied if the Company notifies you in writing of the first occurrence of the Cause Condition within thirty (30) days of the Board becoming aware of such condition and terminates your employment within thirty (30) days of such notice. You are eligible for no more than two “cure” opportunities during your employment.





“Change in Control Transaction” shall mean (i) a merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another corporation under circumstances where the stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation do not own after such merger or consolidation shares representing at least fifty percent (50%) of the voting power of the Company or the surviving, resulting or parent corporation, as the case may be, (ii) a transfer of shares representing fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting power of the Company to any person who was not, on the Effective Date, a holder of stock of any class or preference or any stock option of the Company, (iii) a liquidation of the Company, or (iv) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets.
“Good Reason” shall mean you have complied with the “Good Reason Process” as defined below, following the occurrence of one or more of the following events: (i) any material diminution in your duties, authority or responsibilities, (ii) any material diminution in your Base Salary; (iii) the relocation of your primary place of work more than fifty (50) miles from Philadelphia, PA, or (iv) the material breach by the Company of any provision of this Letter Agreement or any other employment-related agreement between the Company and you (as defined below).
“Good Reason Process” shall mean that (i) you reasonably determine in good faith that one of the foregoing “Good Reason” conditions has occurred; (ii) you notify the Company in writing of the first occurrence of the Good Reason condition within thirty (30) days of the first occurrence of such condition; (iii) you cooperate in good faith with the Company’s efforts, for a period not less than thirty (30) days following such notice (the “Cure Period”) to remedy the condition; (iv) notwithstanding such efforts, the Good Reason condition continues to exist; and (v) you terminate your employment within thirty (30) days after the end of the Cure Period. If the Company cures the Good Reason condition during the Cure Period, Good Reason shall be deemed not to have occurred.
“Disability” shall mean your inability (as determined by the Company in good faith) to perform the essential functions of your position due to physical or mental disability (after taking into account the Company’s obligation to provide reasonable accommodations in accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 or analogous state law), which continues for a period of 90 days (whether or not consecutive) during any 12-month period. In connection with any determination regarding your possible Disability, you shall have the right to provide to the Company, and the Company shall consider in good faith, any physical or mental evaluation performed by a competent physician of your selection.
11.    Modified Section 280G Cutback: Notwithstanding any other provision of this Letter Agreement, except as set forth in Section 11.B, in the event that the Company undergoes a “Change in Ownership or Control” (as defined below), the following provisions shall apply:
A.
The Company shall not be obligated to provide to you any portion of any “Contingent Compensation Payments” (as defined below) that you would otherwise be entitled to receive to the extent necessary to eliminate any “excess parachute payments” (as defined in Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code) for you. For purposes of this Section 11, the Contingent Compensation Payments so eliminated shall be referred to as the “Eliminated Payments” and the aggregate amount (determined in accordance with Treasury Regulation Section 1.280G-1, Q/A-30 or any successor provision) of the Contingent Compensation Payments so eliminated shall be referred to as the “Eliminated Amount.”
B.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 11.A, no such reduction in Contingent Compensation Payments shall be made if (1) the Eliminated Amount (computed without regard to this sentence) exceeds (2) 100% of the aggregate present value (determined in accordance with Treasury Regulation Section 1.280G-1, Q/A-31 and Q/A-32 or any successor provisions) of the amount of any additional taxes that would be incurred by you if the Eliminated Payments (determined without regard to this sentence) were paid to you (including, state and federal income taxes on the Eliminated Payments, the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code payable with respect to all of the Contingent Compensation Payments in excess of your “base amount” (as defined in Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code), and any withholding taxes). The override of such reduction in Contingent Compensation Payments pursuant to this Section 11.B shall be referred to as a “Section 11.B Override.” For purpose of this paragraph, if any federal or state income taxes would be attributable to the receipt of any Eliminated Payment, the amount of such taxes shall be computed by multiplying the amount of the Eliminated Payment by the maximum combined federal and state income tax rate provided by law.
C.
For purposes of this Section 11 the following terms shall have the following respective meanings:
i.
“Change in Ownership or Control” shall mean a change in the ownership or effective control of the Company or in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the Company determined in accordance with Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code.
ii.
“Contingent Compensation Payment” shall mean any payment (or benefit) in the nature of compensation that is made or made available (under this Letter Agreement or otherwise) to a “disqualified





individual” (as defined in Section 280G(c) of the Code) and that is contingent (within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2)(A)(i) of the Code) on a Change in Ownership or Control of the Company.
D.
Any payments or other benefits otherwise due to you following a Change in Ownership or Control that could reasonably be characterized (as determined by the Company) as Contingent Compensation Payments (the “Potential Payments”) shall not be made until the dates provided for in this Section 11.D. Within 30 days after each date on which you first become entitled to receive (whether or not then due) a Contingent Compensation Payment relating to such Change in Ownership or Control, the Company shall determine and notify you (with reasonable detail regarding the basis for its determinations) (1) which Potential Payments constitute Contingent Compensation Payments, (2) the Eliminated Amount and (3) whether the Section 11.B Override is applicable. Within 30 days after delivery of such notice to you, you shall deliver a response to the Company (the “Executive Response”) stating either (A) that you agree with the Company’s determination pursuant to the preceding sentence or (B) that you disagrees with such determination, in which case you shall set forth (x) which Potential Payments should be characterized as Contingent Compensation Payments, (y) the Eliminated Amount, and (z) whether the Section 11.B Override is applicable. In the event that you fail to deliver an Executive Response on or before the required date, the Company’s initial determination shall be final. If you state in the Executive Response that you agree with the Company’s determination, the Company shall make the Potential Payments to you within three (3) business days following delivery to the Company of the Executive Response (except for any Potential Payments which are not due to be made until after such date, which Potential Payments shall be made on the date on which they are due). If you state in the Executive Response that you disagree with the Company’s determination, then, for a period of sixty (60) days following delivery of the Executive Response, you and the Company shall use good faith efforts to resolve such dispute. If such dispute is not resolved within such 60-day period, such dispute shall be settled exclusively by arbitration in Pennsylvania, in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association then in effect. Judgment may be entered on the arbitrator’s award in any court having jurisdiction. The Company shall, within three (3) business days following delivery to the Company of the Executive Response, make to you those Potential Payments as to which there is no dispute between the Company and you regarding whether they should be made (except for any such Potential Payments which are not due to be made until after such date, which Potential Payments shall be made on the date on which they are due). The balance of the Potential Payments shall be made within three (3) business days following the resolution of such dispute.
E.
The Contingent Compensation Payments to be treated as Eliminated Payments shall be determined by the Company by determining the “Contingent Compensation Payment Ratio” (as defined below) for each Contingent Compensation Payment and then reducing the Contingent Compensation Payments in order beginning with the Contingent Compensation Payment with the highest Contingent Compensation Payment Ratio. For Contingent Compensation Payments with the same Contingent Compensation Payment Ratio, such Contingent Compensation Payment shall be reduced based on the time of payment of such Contingent Compensation Payments with amounts having later payment dates being reduced first. For Contingent Compensation Payments with the same Contingent Compensation Payment Ratio and the same time of payment, such Contingent Compensation Payments shall be reduced on a pro rata basis (but not below zero) prior to reducing Contingent Compensation Payment with a lower Contingent Compensation Payment Ratio. The term “Contingent Compensation Payment Ratio” shall mean a fraction the numerator of which is the value of the applicable Contingent Compensation Payment that must be taken into account by you for purposes of Section 4999(a) of the Code, and the denominator of which is the actual amount to be received by you in respect of the applicable Contingent Compensation Payment. For example, in the case of an equity grant that is treated as contingent on the Change in Ownership or Control because the time at which the payment is made or the payment vests is accelerated, the denominator shall be determined by reference to the fair market value of the equity at the acceleration date, and not in accordance with the methodology for determining the value of accelerated payments set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.280G-1Q/A-24(b) or (c)).
F.
The provisions of this Section 11 are intended to apply to any and all payments or benefits available to you under this Letter Agreement or any other agreement or plan of the Company under which you receive Contingent Compensation Payments.
12.    General: By signing below, you represent that you are not bound by any employment contract, restrictive covenant or other restriction preventing or limiting you from entering into employment with or performing your duties or responsibilities for the Company, or which is in any way inconsistent with the terms of this Letter Agreement. You also agree that you do not have in your possession, and will not disclose to anyone at the Company, bring onto Company premises, or use in the course of your employment at the Company at any time, any confidential information or trade secrets belonging to any former employer or to any other entity. You further agree that you will not, as a Sesen Bio employee, engage in any conduct that would constitute a breach of any obligation you may have to a former employer, including but not limited to any covenants not to solicit or compete.





After the Effective Date, this Letter Agreement (and Employee Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation, Confidentiality and Assignment Agreement, the plans, documents, and policies referenced herein) shall constitute our entire agreement regarding the terms and conditions of your employment with the Company and shall supersede any prior agreements or other promises or statements (whether oral or written) regarding the terms of your employment. The terms described herein cannot be modified except in writing by you and the Company. Failure of either party to this Letter Agreement to insist upon strict compliance with any of the terms, covenants or conditions hereof will not be deemed a waiver of such terms, covenants or conditions. In the event of any inconsistency between this Letter Agreement and any other contract between the Company and you, including the Employee Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation, Confidentiality and Assignment Agreement, the provisions of this Letter Agreement will prevail.

We are thrilled to have you join the leadership team at Sesen Bio. Please contact me if you have any questions or need more information.
Sincerely,

/s/ Thomas R. Cannell            
Thomas R. Cannell, DVM
President and Chief Executive Officer

I accept the above terms of employment as stated:

/s/ Mark R. Sullivan    7/29/2019            
Mark R. Sullivan        Date

Enclosure:
Employee Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation, Confidentiality and Assignment Agreement



Exhibit


Exhibit 10.3
Sesen Bio, Inc.
Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement
1.
Grant of Option.
This agreement evidences the grant by Sesen Bio, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), on August 1, 2019 (the “Grant Date”) to Monica Forbes (the “Participant”), of an option to purchase, in whole or in part, on the terms provided herein, a total of 240,000 shares (the “Shares”) of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Company (“Common Stock”) at $1.16 per Share.  Unless earlier terminated, this option shall expire at 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on August 1, 2029 (the “Final Exercise Date”).
The option evidenced by this agreement was granted to the Participant pursuant to the inducement grant exception under Nasdaq Stock Market Rule 5635(c)(4), and not pursuant to the Company’s 2014 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) or any equity incentive plan of the Company, as an inducement that is material to the Participant’s employment with the Company.
It is intended that the option evidenced by this agreement shall not be an incentive stock option as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Code”).  Except as otherwise indicated by the context, the term “Participant”, as used in this option, shall be deemed to include any person who acquires the right to exercise this option validly under its terms.
2.
Vesting Schedule.
Except as otherwise provided herein, this option will become exercisable (“vest”) as to 25% of the original number of Shares on one-year anniversary of the Grant Date and as to an additional 6.25% of the original number of Shares at the end of each successive three-month period following the one-year anniversary of the Grant Date until the fourth anniversary of the Grant Date.
The right of exercise shall be cumulative so that to the extent the option is not exercised in any period to the maximum extent permissible it shall continue to be exercisable, in whole or in part, with respect to all Shares for which it is vested until the earlier of the Final Exercise Date or the termination of this option under Section 3 hereof.
3.
Exercise of Option.
(a)
Form of Exercise. Each election to exercise this option shall be in writing, signed by the Participant (or such electronic notice as is approved by the Company), and received by the Company at its principal office, accompanied by this agreement and payment in full as follows:
(1)
in cash or by check, payable to the order of the Company;
(2)
by (i) delivery of an irrevocable and unconditional undertaking by a creditworthy broker to deliver promptly to the Company sufficient funds to pay the exercise price and any required tax withholding or (ii) delivery by the Participant to the Company of a copy of irrevocable and unconditional instructions to a creditworthy broker to deliver promptly to the Company cash or a check sufficient to pay the exercise price and any required tax withholding;
(3)
to the extent approved by the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”), in its sole discretion, by delivery (either by actual delivery or attestation) of shares of Common Stock owned by the Participant valued at their fair market value per share as determined by (or in a manner approved by) the Board (the “Fair Market Value”), provided (i) such method of payment is then permitted under applicable law, (ii) such Common Stock, if acquired directly from the Company, was owned by the Participant for such minimum period of time, if any, as may be established by the Board in its discretion and (iii) such Common Stock is not subject to any repurchase, forfeiture, unfulfilled vesting or other similar requirements;
(4)
to the extent approved by the Board, in its sole discretion, by delivery of a notice of “net exercise” to the Company, as a result of which the Participant would receive (i) the number of shares underlying the portion of this being exercised, less (ii) such number of shares as is equal to (A) the aggregate exercise price for the portion of this option being exercised divided by (B) the Fair Market Value on the date of exercise;





(5)
to the extent permitted by applicable law or approved by the Board, in its sole discretion, by payment of such other lawful consideration as the Board may determine; or
(6)
by any combination of the above permitted forms of payment.
The Participant may purchase less than the number of shares covered hereby, provided that no partial exercise of this option may be for any fractional share or for fewer than ten whole shares.
(b)
Continuous Relationship with the Company Required. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 3, this option may not be exercised unless the Participant, at the time he exercises this option, is, and has been at all times since the Grant Date, an employee, officer or a director of, or consultant or advisor to, the Company or any other entity the employees, officers, directors, consultants, or advisors of which are eligible to receive option grants under the Plan (an “Eligible Participant”).
(c)
Termination of Relationship with the Company. If the Participant ceases to be an Eligible Participant for any reason, then, except as provided in paragraphs (d) and (e) below, the right to exercise this option shall terminate three months after such cessation (but in no event after the Final Exercise Date), provided that this option shall be exercisable only to the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise this option on the date of such cessation. 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant, prior to the Final Exercise Date, violates the non-competition or confidentiality provisions of any employment contract, confidentiality and nondisclosure agreement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company, the right to exercise this option shall terminate immediately upon written notice to the Participant from the Company describing such violation.
(d)
Exercise Period Upon Death or Disability. If the Participant dies or becomes disabled (within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code) prior to the Final Exercise Date while he is an Eligible Participant and the Company has not terminated such relationship for “cause” as specified in paragraph (e) below, this option shall be exercisable, within the period of one year following the date of death or disability of the Participant, by the Participant (or in the case of death by an authorized transferee), provided that this option shall be exercisable only to the extent that this option was exercisable by the Participant on the date of his death or disability, and further provided that this option shall not be exercisable after the Final Exercise Date.
(e)
Termination for Cause. If the Participant, prior to the Final Exercise Date, is terminated by the Company for Cause (as defined in the Letter Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2019 between the Participant and the Company, or any successor agreement thereto (the “Letter Agreement”)), the right to exercise this option shall terminate immediately upon the effective date of such termination.
(f)
Letter Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 3 or in Section 7, this option shall be subject to any applicable vesting terms set forth in the Letter Agreement, including the accelerated vesting provisions set forth in the Letter Agreement applicable in connection with certain terminations within the specified period following a Change in Control Transaction (as defined in the Letter Agreement).
 
4.
Agreement in Connection with Public Offering.
The Participant agrees, in connection with an underwritten public offering of the Common Stock pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act, (i) not to (a) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or any other securities of the Company or (b) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company, whether any transaction described in clause (a) or (b) is to be settled by delivery of securities, in cash or otherwise, during the period beginning on the date of the filing of such registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission and ending 90 days after the date of the final prospectus relating to the offering (plus up to an additional 34 days to the extent requested by the managing underwriters for such offering in order to address Rule 2711(f) of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority or any similar successor provision), and (ii) to execute any agreement reflecting clause (i) above as may be requested by the Company or the managing underwriters at the time of such offering.  The Company may impose stop-transfer instructions with respect to the shares of Common Stock or other securities subject to the foregoing restriction until the end of the “lock-up” period.
5.
Withholding.





No Shares will be issued pursuant to the exercise of this option unless and until the Participant pays to the Company, or makes provision satisfactory to the Company for payment of, any federal, state or local withholding taxes required by law to be withheld in respect of this option. The Participant must satisfy all applicable federal, state, and local or other income and employment tax withholding obligations before the Company will deliver stock certificates or otherwise recognize ownership of Common Stock under this option.  The Company may decide to satisfy the withholding obligations through additional withholding on salary or wages.  If the Company elects not to or cannot withhold from other compensation, the Participant must pay the Company the full amount, if any, required for withholding or have a broker tender to the Company cash equal to the withholding obligations. Payment of withholding obligations is due before the Company will issue any shares on exercise of this option or at the same time as payment of the exercise price, unless the Company determines otherwise. If approved by the Board, in its sole discretion, a Participant may satisfy such tax obligations in whole or in part by delivery (either by actual delivery or attestation) of shares of Common Stock underlying this option valued at their Fair Market Value; provided, however, except as otherwise provided by the Board, that the total tax withholding where stock is being used to satisfy such tax obligations cannot exceed the Company’s minimum statutory withholding obligations (based on minimum statutory withholding rates for federal and state tax purposes, including payroll taxes, that are applicable to such supplemental taxable income), except that, to the extent that the Company is able to retain shares of Common Stock having a fair market value (determined by (or in a manner approved by) the Company) that exceeds the statutory minimum applicable withholding tax without financial accounting implications or the Company is withholding in a jurisdiction that does not have a statutory minimum withholding tax, the Company may retain such number of shares of Common Stock (up to the number of shares having a fair market value equal to the maximum individual statutory rate of tax (determined by (or in a manner approved by) the Company)) as the Company shall determine in its sole discretion to satisfy the tax liability associated with any Award. Shares used to satisfy tax withholding requirements cannot be subject to any forfeiture, unfulfilled vesting or other similar requirements.
6.
Transfer Restrictions.
This option may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered by the Participant, either voluntarily or by operation of law, except by will or the laws of descent and distribution, and, during the lifetime of the Participant, this option shall be exercisable only by the Participant.
7.
Adjustments for Changes in Common Stock and Certain Other Events.
(a)
Changes in Capitalization. In the event of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, combination of shares, reclassification of shares, spin-off or other similar change in capitalization or event, or any dividend or distribution to holders of Common Stock other than an ordinary cash dividend, the number and class of securities and exercise price per share of this option shall be equitably adjusted by the Company in the manner determined by the Board.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event the Company effects a split of the Common Stock by means of a stock dividend and the exercise price of and the number of shares subject to this option are adjusted as of the date of the distribution of the dividend (rather than as of the record date for such dividend), then the Participant, if he exercises this option between the record date and the distribution date for such stock dividend, shall be entitled to receive, on the distribution date, the stock dividend with respect to the shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of this option, notwithstanding the fact that such shares were not outstanding as of the close of business on the record date for such stock dividend.
(b)
Reorganization Events. A “Reorganization Event” shall mean:  (a) any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another entity as a result of which all of the Common Stock of the Company is converted into or exchanged for the right to receive cash, securities or other property or is cancelled, (b) any transfer or disposition of all of the Common Stock of the Company for cash, securities or other property pursuant to a share exchange or other transaction or (c) any liquidation or dissolution of the Company.  In connection with a Reorganization Event, the Board may take any one or more of the following actions with respect to this option (or any portion thereof) on such terms as the Board determines: (i) provide that this option shall be assumed, or substantially equivalent option shall be substituted, by the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof), (ii) upon written notice to the Participant, provide that the unvested and/ or unexercised portion of this option will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such Reorganization Event unless exercised by the Participant within a specified period following the date of such notice, (iii) provide that this option shall become exercisable, realizable, or deliverable, or restrictions applicable to this option shall lapse, in whole or in part prior to or upon such Reorganization Event, (iv) in the event of a Reorganization Event under the terms of which holders of Common Stock will receive upon consummation thereof a cash payment for each share surrendered in the Reorganization Event (the “Acquisition Price”), make or provide for a cash payment to the Participant with respect to this option equal to (A) the number of shares of Common Stock subject to the vested portion of this option (after giving effect to any acceleration of vesting that occurs upon or immediately prior to such Reorganization Event) multiplied by (B) the excess, if any, of (I) the Acquisition Price over (II) the exercise price of this option and any applicable tax withholdings, in exchange





for the termination of this option, (v) provide that, in connection with a liquidation or dissolution of the Company, this option shall convert into the right to receive liquidation proceeds (if applicable, net of the exercise, measurement or purchase price thereof and any applicable tax withholdings) and (vi) any combination of the foregoing.
For purposes of clause (i) above, this option shall be considered assumed if, following consummation of the Reorganization Event, this option confers the right to purchase, for each share of Common Stock subject to this option immediately prior to the consummation of the Reorganization Event, the consideration (whether cash, securities or other property) received as a result of the Reorganization Event by holders of Common Stock for each share of Common
Stock held immediately prior to the consummation of the Reorganization Event (and if holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock); provided, however, that if the consideration received as a result of the Reorganization Event is not solely common stock of the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof), the Company may, with the consent of the acquiring or succeeding corporation, provide for the consideration to be received upon the exercise of this option to consist solely of such number of shares of common stock of the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof) that the Board determined to be equivalent in value (as of the date of such determination or another date specified by the Board) to the per share consideration received by holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock as a result of the Reorganization Event.
8.
Miscellaneous.
(a)
No Right To Employment or Other Status. The grant of this option shall not be construed as giving the Participant the right to continued employment or any other relationship with the Company.  The Company expressly reserves the right at any time to dismiss or otherwise terminate its relationship with the Participant free from any liability or claim hereunder, except as otherwise expressly provided herein or provided for in the Letter Agreement.
(b)
No Rights As Stockholder. Subject to the provisions of this option, the  Participant shall not have any rights as a stockholder with respect to any shares of Common Stock to be distributed with respect to this option until becoming the record holder of such shares.
(c)
Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the Letter Agreement, constitute the entire agreement between the parties, and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, relating to the subject matter hereof.
(d)
Amendment. Except with respect to any vesting terms set forth in the Letter Agreement, the Board may amend, modify or terminate this Agreement, including but not limited to, substituting another option of the same or a different type and changing the date of exercise or realization.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Participant’s consent to such action shall be required unless (i) the Board determines that the action, taking into account any related action, would not materially and adversely affect the Participant, or (ii) the change is permitted under Section 7 and the Letter Agreement.
(e)
Acceleration. The Board may at any time provide that this option shall become immediately exercisable in whole or in part, free of some or all restrictions or conditions, or otherwise realizable in whole or in part, as the case may be.
(f)
Conditions on Delivery of Stock. The Company will not be obligated to deliver any shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement until (i) all conditions of this Agreement have been met to the satisfaction of the Company, (ii) in the opinion of the Company’s counsel, all other legal matters in connection with the issuance and delivery of such shares have been satisfied, including any applicable securities laws and regulations and any applicable stock exchange or stock market rules and regulations, and (iii) the Participant has executed and delivered to the Company such representations or agreements as the Company may consider appropriate to satisfy the requirements of any applicable laws, rules or regulations.
(g)
Administration by Board. The Board will administer this Agreement and may construe and interpret the terms hereof.  Subject to the terms and provisions of the Letter Agreement, the Board may correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in this Agreement in the manner and to the extent it shall deem expedient to carry the Agreement into effect and it shall be the sole and final judge of such expediency.  No director or person acting pursuant to the authority delegated by the Board shall be liable for any action or determination relating to or under this Agreement made in good faith.
(h)
Appointment of Committees. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Board may delegate any or all of its powers hereunder to one or more committees or subcommittees of the Board (a “Committee”).  All references herein to the “Board” shall mean the Board or a Committee to the extent that the Board’s powers or authority hereunder have been delegated to such Committee.





(i)
Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision hereof, and each such other provision shall be severable and enforceable to the extent permitted by law.
(j)
Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, excluding choice-of-law principles of the law of such state that would require the application of the laws of a jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.
(k)
Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together will constitute one in the same instrument.



[Remainder of Page Intentionally Blank]








The Company has caused this option to be executed by its duly authorized officer.
 
SESEN BIO, INC.
 
 
 
 
By:
 /s/ Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M.
 
Name:
 Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M.
 
Title:
 President and Chief Executive Officer


Exhibit


Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M., certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019 of Sesen Bio, Inc.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date:
November 12, 2019
By:
/s/ Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M.     
 
 
Name:
Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M.
 
 
Title:
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)


Exhibit


Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Monica Forbes, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019 of Sesen Bio, Inc.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date:
November 12, 2019
By:
/s/ Monica Forbes 
 
 
Name:
Monica Forbes
 
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)


Exhibit


Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Sesen Bio, Inc. (the “Company”) for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1)
the Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date:
November 12, 2019
By:
/s/ Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M.     
 
 
Name:
Thomas R. Cannell, D.V.M.
 
 
Title:
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)



Exhibit


Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Sesen Bio, Inc. (the “Company”) for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1)
the Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date:
November 12, 2019
By:
/s/ Monica Forbes 
 
 
Name:
Monica Forbes
 
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)